90686 Influenza virus vaccine, quadrivalent (IIV4), split virus, preservative free, 0.5 mL dosage, for intramuscular use

Name of the Procedure:

Influenza Virus Vaccine, Quadrivalent (IIV4), Split Virus, Preservative-Free, 0.5 mL Dosage, for Intramuscular Use

Summary

This procedure involves the administration of a preservative-free quadrivalent influenza vaccine, which helps protect against four strains of the flu virus. The vaccine is given as a 0.5 mL injection into a muscle, typically in the upper arm.

Purpose

• Medical Condition Addressed: Influenza (Flu).
• Goals: To prevent flu infection, reduce the severity of flu symptoms, and decrease the risk of flu-related complications.

Indications

• Specific Symptoms/Conditions: Recommended for individuals aged 6 months and older, particularly those at higher risk for flu complications.
• Patient Criteria: Individuals with chronic health conditions, healthcare workers, pregnant women, and those in close contact with high-risk populations.

Preparation

• Pre-Procedure Instructions: Usually none required; patients should inform healthcare providers of any allergies or current medications.
• Diagnostic Tests/Assessments: Generally, no specific tests are needed before receiving the vaccine.

Procedure Description

1. Step-by-Step Explanation:
   • The patient is seated, and the upper arm is exposed.
   • The injection site is cleaned with an antiseptic wipe.
   • A healthcare professional administers a 0.5 mL injection of the vaccine into the deltoid muscle.
   • A band-aid is applied to the injection site.
2. Tools/Equipment: Syringe, 0.5 mL of preservative-free IIV4 vaccine.
3. Anesthesia/Sedation: No anesthesia or sedation is required.

Duration

The injection process typically takes a few minutes, with a 15-minute observation period afterward to monitor for any immediate adverse reactions.

Setting

The procedure is performed in an outpatient setting, such as a doctor's office, clinic, or pharmacy.

Personnel

• Healthcare Professionals Involved: Nurse or physician.

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Soreness at the injection site, mild fever, fatigue, muscle aches.
• Rare Risks: Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Protection against four strains of the flu, reduction in flu-related complications, and decreased transmission of the flu virus.
• Timeframe: Immunity typically develops within two weeks after vaccination.

Recovery

• Post-Procedure Care: Minimal; patients may take over-the-counter pain relievers for injection site soreness.
• Recovery Time: Immediate return to normal activities; minor soreness or fatigue may last 1-2 days.
• Follow-Up: Annual vaccination is recommended to maintain protection.

Alternatives

• Other Treatment Options: Other types of flu vaccines (e.g., trivalent, live attenuated nasal spray).
• Pros and Cons: Quadrivalent vaccines offer broader protection against more flu strains. Nasal spray vaccines are an alternative for those who fear needles but are not suitable for everyone.

Patient Experience

• During the Procedure: Patients will feel a quick pinch or sting at the injection site.
• After the Procedure: Mild soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site. Symptoms like low-grade fever or fatigue may occur but are usually brief. Pain can be managed with over-the-counter medications.

Overall, the quadrivalent influenza vaccine is a safe and effective way to protect against the flu and its complications, with minimal discomfort.