Influenza virus vaccine, quadrivalent (IIV4), split virus, 0.5 mL dosage, for intramuscular use
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Influenza Virus Vaccine, Quadrivalent (IIV4), Split Virus, 0.5 mL Dosage, Intramuscular Injection
Summary
The Influenza Virus Vaccine, Quadrivalent (IIV4), is an intramuscular injection designed to protect against four strains of the influenza virus. This vaccine helps the immune system recognize and combat the virus, providing seasonal flu protection.
Purpose
This vaccine addresses seasonal influenza, commonly known as the flu. The goal is to reduce the incidence, severity, and complications of flu infections.
Indications
The vaccine is recommended for most individuals aged 6 months and older, particularly those at higher risk of severe flu complications, such as:
- Elderly adults (65 years and older)
- Young children
- Pregnant women
- Individuals with chronic conditions (e.g., asthma, diabetes, heart disease)
Preparation
- No specific fasting is required.
- Inform the healthcare provider of any allergies, current medications, or medical conditions.
- Previous adverse reactions to vaccines should be reported.
Procedure Description
- Assessment: The healthcare provider will review the patient's medical history and check vital signs.
- Preparation: The injection site, usually the upper arm, will be cleaned with an antiseptic wipe.
- Administration: Using a sterile needle and syringe, 0.5 mL of the IIV4 vaccine is injected intramuscularly.
- Post-injection: The site may be covered with a small bandage, and the patient will be monitored briefly for any immediate reactions.
Duration
The injection itself takes a few minutes, with a 15-30 minute observation period afterward to monitor for any adverse reactions.
Setting
The procedure is typically performed in a variety of healthcare settings, including doctors' offices, pharmacies, clinics, and public health departments.
Personnel
Usually administered by a nurse, pharmacist, or physician.
Risks and Complications
Common risks include:
- Soreness or redness at the injection site
- Mild fever
- Muscle aches
Rare risks include:
- Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
- Guillain-Barré Syndrome (very rare)
Benefits
The vaccine provides effective protection against flu strains, reducing the risk of severe illness, hospitalization, and flu-related complications. Immunity usually develops within two weeks after vaccination.
Recovery
- Generally minimal. Patients can return to normal activities immediately.
- Might experience mild side effects such as soreness at the injection site or mild flu-like symptoms.
- Stay hydrated and rest if feeling unwell.
Alternatives
Alternative flu prevention methods include:
- An alternative flu vaccine (e.g., trivalent vaccine).
- Antiviral medications if exposed to the flu.
However, these alternatives may not offer the same breadth of protection as the quadrivalent vaccine.
Patient Experience
Most patients feel a brief sting or pinch during the injection. Post-procedure discomfort is usually mild and temporary. Pain management includes over-the-counter pain relievers and applying a cold compress to the injection site if needed.