Name of the Procedure:

Influenza Virus Vaccine, Quadrivalent (RIV4), Derived from Recombinant DNA, Hemagglutinin (HA) Protein Only, Preservative and Antibiotic Free, for Intramuscular Use

Summary

The Influenza Virus Vaccine, Quadrivalent (RIV4) is a flu shot designed to protect against four strains of the influenza virus. It is made using recombinant DNA technology and contains only the hemagglutinin (HA) protein, which helps trigger the immune response. This vaccine does not include preservatives or antibiotics and is administered via an injection into the muscle.

Purpose

The vaccine is intended to prevent influenza (flu) infections. By exposing the immune system to key proteins from the virus, the goal is to build immunity and reduce the risk of contracting the flu or reducing its severity if infection occurs.

Indications

• Individuals aged 18 years and older.
• Those who are at higher risk of flu complications, such as the elderly, healthcare workers, and individuals with chronic health conditions.
• People who prefer a preservative and antibiotic-free vaccine.

Preparation

• No specific fasting or dietary changes are required before receiving the vaccine.
• Inform your healthcare provider of any allergies or current medications.
• Review your current vaccination history with your provider.

Procedure Description

1. The healthcare provider will prepare the vaccine by checking the vial for any issues.
2. The skin on the upper arm or thigh (the deltoid or anterolateral thigh muscle) will be cleansed with an antiseptic wipe.
3. Using a sterile syringe, the vaccine will be drawn up from the vial.
4. The provider will inject the vaccine intramuscularly into the cleansed area, typically the upper arm for adults.
5. Post-injection, the injection site may be covered with a small adhesive bandage.

Duration

The procedure typically takes a few minutes, including preparation and injection time.

Setting

The vaccine is administered in a healthcare setting such as a doctor’s office, outpatient clinic, pharmacy, or public health organization.

Personnel

• The procedure is usually performed by trained healthcare personnel, such as a nurse or medical assistant.

Risks and Complications

• Common side effects: soreness at the injection site, mild fever, headache, muscle aches.
• Rare risks: severe allergic reactions, such as anaphylaxis.
• Management: Over-the-counter pain relievers and antihistamines can mitigate mild symptoms, while severe reactions require immediate medical attention.

Benefits

• Reduced risk of contracting influenza.
• Protection against four different influenza virus strains.
• Decreased likelihood of severe illness, hospitalization, and complications from the flu.
• Benefits are typically realized within two weeks post-vaccination as the immune system builds protection.

Recovery

• Minor soreness or redness at the injection site may persist for a few days.
• Normal activities can be resumed immediately.
• Regular monitoring of health and any unusual symptoms should be reported to a healthcare provider.

Alternatives

• Other types of flu vaccines, including trivalent vaccines or those produced by different methods.
• Alternative symptom management through antiviral medications in case of flu infection.
• Comparison: RIV4 is preferred for those seeking a preservative and antibiotic-free option and may be more suitable for individuals with specific allergies.

Patient Experience

• The injection might cause a brief sting or pinch.
• Post-vaccination, some patients experience mild soreness at the injection site or feel slightly achy, which typically resolves on its own.
• Pain can often be managed with over-the-counter pain medication, like acetaminophen or ibuprofen, if needed. Comfort measures such as applying a cold compress to the injection site may also help.