Name of the Procedure:

• Common Name(s): Immune Globulin Injection
• Technical Term: Injection, immune globulin (Hizentra), 100 mg

Summary

Immune globulin injections like Hizentra are used to provide necessary antibodies to patients who lack them. This helps boost the immune system, enabling the body to better fight infections and other immune-related conditions.

Purpose

• Medical Conditions: Primary immunodeficiency, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
• Goals: The primary goal is to enhance the immune response in individuals with weak or malfunctioning immune systems, reducing the frequency and severity of infections.

Indications

• Symptoms/Conditions: Recurrent infections, autoimmune disorders, nerve disorders.
• Patient Criteria: Patients with diagnosed primary immunodeficiency or other conditions resulting in low antibody levels.

Preparation

• Instructions: Patients should inform their healthcare provider of all medications and supplements they are taking. There might be a need to stay hydrated and eat a light meal before the procedure.
• Tests: Blood tests to assess baseline immunoglobulin levels and kidney function.

Procedure Description

1. Assessment: The healthcare provider will review the patient's medical history and current condition.
2. Preparation: The site for injection is cleaned and disinfected.
3. Injection: The Hizentra is administered subcutaneously (under the skin) using a needle and syringe or an infusion pump.
4. Monitoring: Patient is observed for any immediate reactions post-injection.

• Tools/Equipment: Syringe, needle, infusion pump (optional), disinfectants.
• Anesthesia/Sedation: Not typically required, but local anesthetic may be used to numb the injection site.

Duration

The injection process typically takes about 1-2 hours, varying based on dosage and administration method.

Setting

The procedure can be performed in various settings, including:

• Hospital
• Outpatient Clinic
• Home, under appropriate supervision

Personnel

• Healthcare Providers: Nurse, Physician, possibly a specialist in immunology or neurology.

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Mild pain or swelling at the injection site, fatigue, headache.
• Rare Risks: Severe allergic reactions, kidney dysfunction, blood clots.
• Management: Allergic reactions can be managed with antihistamines; Immediate medical attention is required for severe complications.

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Reduced risk of infections, improved quality of life.
• Timeframe: Benefits can often be noticed within a few weeks of regular administration.

Recovery

• Post-Procedure Care: Monitor for any adverse reactions, maintain hydration, and follow up with healthcare provider.
• Recovery Time: Typically minimal. Most patients return to normal activities immediately.
• Restrictions: Patients should avoid strenuous activities immediately after the procedure; follow provider's guidelines for physical exertion.

Alternatives

• Other Treatments: Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), antibiotic prophylaxis, immunomodulating drugs.
• Pros and Cons: IVIG requires hospital visits and longer administration time but can be more suitable for some patients. Antibiotics and drugs target symptoms rather than underlying immune deficiencies.

Patient Experience

• During Procedure: Mild discomfort at the injection site, a possible feeling of pressure or tingling.
• After Procedure: Generally, patients can resume normal activities but should watch for signs of adverse reactions. Pain management includes over-the-counter analgesics if necessary. Comfort measures may include using a warm compress to the injection site if there’s localized discomfort.