Name of the Procedure:

Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Trichomonas vaginalis, direct probe technique

Summary

This procedure uses advanced molecular methods to detect the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic protozoan, by analyzing DNA or RNA directly from a clinical sample. It employs a direct probe technique to identify the specific genetic material of the parasite.

Purpose

The primary purpose of this procedure is to diagnose Trichomonas vaginalis infection accurately and efficiently. The goal is to identify the presence of the parasite, allowing for timely and appropriate treatment to alleviate symptoms and prevent further health complications.

Indications

• Symptoms warranting this procedure include vaginal discharge, itching, irritation, and discomfort during urination or sexual intercourse.
• Recommended for patients with risk factors such as recent unprotected sexual activity with multiple partners.
• May be used for routine screenings in high-risk groups or pregnant women.

Preparation

• Typically, no special preparation is required, although patients may be advised to avoid douching or using vaginal products for 24 hours before the test.
• Inform the healthcare provider of any medications or health conditions.

Procedure Description

• A healthcare provider will collect a sample from the affected area, commonly a swab from the vagina or urethra in women, and urine in men.
• The sample is then processed in a laboratory where nucleic acid isolation occurs.
• A direct probe, which binds specifically to Trichomonas vaginalis DNA or RNA, is used to detect the presence of the parasite’s genetic material.
• Results are typically read and interpreted by specialists in a diagnostic laboratory.

Duration

The sample collection takes only a few minutes, but laboratory analysis can take several hours to a couple of days depending on the facility.

Setting

• Sample collection is done in a healthcare provider’s office, clinic, or hospital.
• Laboratory analysis is performed in a specialized diagnostic lab.

Personnel

• Sample is collected by a nurse, medical assistant, or physician.
• Laboratory personnel, including medical technologists or molecular biologists, conduct the analysis.

Risks and Complications

• Minimal risks are associated with sample collection, such as mild discomfort or irritation at the collection site.
• Rarely, there may be a false negative or false positive result due to sample handling or testing errors.

Benefits

• Provides a highly accurate diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection.

• Rapid identification allows for timely treatment to alleviate symptoms and reduce the risk of transmission.

  Recovery

• No recovery time is typically needed following sample collection.
• Patients can return to their normal activities immediately.

Alternatives

• Other diagnostic methods include culture tests and antigen detection.
• While cultures can also identify the parasite, they usually take longer to provide results compared to nucleic acid-based methods.
• Antigen detection tests might be quicker but can be less specific than nucleic acid detection.

Patient Experience

• During the sample collection, patients might experience mild discomfort or embarrassment, but the procedure is quick.
• No pain management is generally needed as the discomfort is minimal.
• After the procedure, patients can continue with daily activities without any significant restrictions.