M71.11 Other infective bursitis, shoulder

Name of the Condition

• Other infective bursitis, shoulder

Summary

Other infective bursitis, shoulder refers to an infection of the bursa in the shoulder region that is not classified under more specific infective bursitis codes. This condition involves microbial invasion of the bursa, leading to inflammation, pain, and potential functional impairment of the shoulder joint.

Causes

Other infective bursitis, shoulder typically results from bacterial infection, often introduced through direct trauma, skin breakdown, or spread from adjacent tissues. Common causative organisms include Staphylococcus aureus. Non-bacterial infections or secondary infection of a pre-existing bursitis may also occur, though the exact etiology varies by case.

Risk Factors

• Recent injury or surgery near the shoulder bursa
• Skin infections or open wounds in the shoulder area
• Immunocompromised states (e.g., diabetes, HIV)
• Chronic inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis)
• Repetitive motion or pressure on the shoulder bursa

Symptoms

• Localized pain, swelling, and warmth over the shoulder bursa
• Redness or erythema at the site
• Fever or systemic signs of infection
• Limited range of motion in the shoulder joint
• Pus drainage if the infection progresses

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves a physical examination to assess bursal characteristics, including tenderness, warmth, and fluctuance. Imaging (e.g., ultrasound, MRI) may be used to evaluate tissue changes, and fluid aspiration may be performed to identify the causative organism.

Treatment Options

Treatment typically includes antibiotic therapy targeted at the identified pathogen, often administered orally or intravenously depending on severity. Drainage of the infected bursa may be necessary in cases of abscess formation. Rest, ice, and elevation of the shoulder may help reduce inflammation and pain.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Prognosis is generally favorable with prompt treatment, though complications such as chronic bursitis or joint stiffness may occur if the infection is not adequately managed. Follow-up care may include monitoring for resolution of symptoms and rehabilitation to restore shoulder function.

Complications

• Chronic bursitis or persistent pain
• Spread of infection to adjacent tissues or joints
• Shoulder joint stiffness or limited mobility
• Recurrent infections

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Avoid repetitive overhead motions that strain the shoulder
• Maintain good skin hygiene to prevent infections
• Use protective gear during activities that risk shoulder injury
• Seek prompt treatment for shoulder injuries or skin infections

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek medical attention if you experience persistent shoulder pain, swelling, redness, fever, or pus drainage. Early intervention can prevent complications and improve outcomes.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the specific location (shoulder) and confirm the infective nature of the bursitis. Ensure clinical notes support the diagnosis, including signs of infection (e.g., fever, pus) and any interventions performed. Code M71.11 is appropriate when the infective bursitis is localized to the shoulder and not classified under a more specific code.