M75.5 Bursitis of shoulder

Name of the Condition

• Common Name: Bursitis of Shoulder
• Medical Term: Bursitis of Shoulder
• ICD Code: M75.5

Summary

Bursitis of the shoulder is an inflammatory condition affecting the bursa, a small fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues in the shoulder joint. This condition typically causes localized pain, swelling, and tenderness, particularly with movement. It may limit shoulder mobility and is often associated with overuse or irritation of the shoulder structures.

Causes

Bursitis of the shoulder commonly results from repetitive shoulder motions, such as those seen in sports or manual labor, which can irritate the bursa. Direct trauma to the shoulder or prolonged pressure on the joint may also trigger inflammation. Underlying conditions like rheumatoid arthritis or infections can contribute to bursal irritation in some cases.

Risk Factors

• Repetitive overhead activities (e.g., throwing, lifting).
• Age-related degenerative changes in shoulder tissues.
• Prior shoulder injuries or surgeries.
• Participation in sports or occupations requiring frequent shoulder use.
• Presence of inflammatory or autoimmune conditions.

Symptoms

• Dull or sharp pain in the shoulder, often worsening with movement.
• Swelling or tenderness around the shoulder joint.
• Reduced range of motion, especially when lifting the arm.
• Pain that may radiate to the upper arm or neck.
• Stiffness, particularly after periods of inactivity.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis is based on a physical examination to assess shoulder pain, swelling, and range of motion. Imaging studies like X-rays or ultrasound may be used to rule out other conditions, such as fractures or tendon injuries. In some cases, aspiration of the bursa may be performed to analyze fluid for signs of infection or crystal deposition.

Treatment Options

• Rest and activity modification to reduce shoulder strain.
• Ice or heat therapy to alleviate pain and inflammation.
• Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain relief.
• Physical therapy to improve mobility and strengthen surrounding muscles.
• Corticosteroid injections for severe or persistent inflammation.
• Surgical intervention in rare cases of chronic or refractory bursitis.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Most cases of shoulder bursitis improve with conservative treatment within a few weeks to months. Full recovery depends on adherence to activity modifications and rehabilitation. Follow-up may involve monitoring symptoms and adjusting treatment plans as needed. Recurrence is possible, especially with repeated overuse or inadequate rest.

Complications

• Chronic bursitis, leading to persistent pain or stiffness.
• Reduced shoulder function if untreated or improperly managed.
• Infection of the bursa (septic bursitis) in rare cases.
• Adhesive capsulitis (frozen shoulder) as a secondary complication.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Avoid repetitive overhead motions or take frequent breaks during activities.
• Maintain proper posture and shoulder mechanics during work or exercise.
• Warm up before physical activity and cool down afterward.
• Use ergonomic equipment to reduce shoulder strain.
• Engage in regular shoulder-strengthening exercises to support joint stability.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek medical attention if shoulder pain is severe, persistent, or worsening. Consult a healthcare provider if symptoms do not improve with rest or over-the-counter treatments, or if there is noticeable swelling, redness, or fever, which may indicate infection.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the location (shoulder) and nature of the bursitis (inflammatory) clearly. Ensure the medical record specifies whether the condition is acute or chronic, as this may impact coding specificity. Note any contributing factors, such as overuse or trauma, to support the diagnosis. Verify that the documentation aligns with the clinical criteria for M75.5 to ensure accurate coding.