M71.119 Other infective bursitis, unspecified shoulder

Name of the Condition

• Other infective bursitis, unspecified shoulder

Summary

Other infective bursitis, unspecified shoulder refers to an infection of the bursa in the shoulder region that is not classified under more specific infective bursitis codes. This condition involves microbial invasion of the bursa, leading to inflammation, pain, and potential functional impairment of the shoulder joint. The unspecified shoulder designation indicates the infection is localized to the shoulder but does not specify left or right.

Causes

Other infective bursitis, unspecified shoulder typically results from bacterial infection, often introduced through direct trauma, skin breakdown, or spread from adjacent tissues. Common causative organisms include Staphylococcus aureus. Non-bacterial infections or secondary infection of a pre-existing bursitis may also occur, though the exact etiology varies by case.

Risk Factors

• Recent injury or surgery near the shoulder bursa
• Skin infections or open wounds in the shoulder area
• Immunocompromised states (e.g., diabetes, HIV)
• Chronic inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis)
• Repetitive motion or pressure on the shoulder bursa

Symptoms

• Localized pain, swelling, and warmth over the shoulder bursa
• Redness or erythema at the site
• Fever or systemic signs of infection
• Limited range of motion in the shoulder joint
• Pus drainage if the infection progresses

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves a physical examination to assess bursal characteristics, including tenderness, warmth, and swelling. Imaging studies (e.g., ultrasound) may be used to evaluate the bursa. Aspiration of the bursal fluid for culture and sensitivity testing helps identify the causative organism. Blood tests may be performed to assess for systemic infection.

Treatment Options

Treatment typically includes antibiotic therapy targeted at the identified organism. Drainage of the infected bursa may be necessary for severe cases. Rest, ice, and elevation of the shoulder can help reduce inflammation. Physical therapy may be recommended to restore function once the infection is controlled.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

With appropriate treatment, most cases resolve without long-term complications. Follow-up care ensures the infection is fully cleared and monitors for recurrence. Delayed or inadequate treatment may lead to chronic bursitis or joint damage.

Complications

• Spread of infection to surrounding tissues or bloodstream
• Chronic bursitis or persistent pain
• Shoulder joint stiffness or limited mobility
• Abscess formation requiring surgical intervention

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Avoid repetitive overhead motions that strain the shoulder
• Maintain good skin hygiene to prevent infections
• Use protective gear during activities that risk shoulder injury
• Seek prompt treatment for shoulder injuries or skin infections

When to Seek Professional Help

Consult a healthcare provider if you experience persistent shoulder pain, swelling, redness, or fever. Immediate care is needed if pus drainage, severe pain, or signs of systemic infection (e.g., chills, high fever) occur.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the anatomical location (unspecified shoulder) and confirm the infective nature of the bursitis. Ensure clinical documentation supports the diagnosis, including signs of infection (e.g., fever, pus) and any relevant risk factors. Use this code when the shoulder is unspecified and the condition is not covered by a more specific infective bursitis code.