M71.14 Other infective bursitis, hand

Name of the Condition

• Other infective bursitis, hand

Summary

Other infective bursitis, hand refers to an infection of a bursa (a small fluid-filled sac that reduces friction between tissues) in the hand region that is not classified under more specific infective bursitis codes. This condition involves microbial invasion of the bursa, leading to inflammation, pain, and potential functional impairment of the hand.

Causes

Other infective bursitis, hand typically results from bacterial infection, often introduced through direct trauma, skin breakdown, or spread from adjacent tissues. Common causative organisms include Staphylococcus aureus. Non-bacterial infections or secondary infection of a pre-existing bursitis may also occur, though the exact etiology varies by case.

Risk Factors

• Recent injury or surgery near a hand bursa
• Skin infections or open wounds in the hand area
• Immunocompromised states (e.g., diabetes, HIV)
• Chronic inflammatory conditions (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis)
• Repetitive motion or pressure on the hand bursa

Symptoms

• Localized pain, swelling, and warmth over the hand bursa
• Redness or erythema at the site
• Fever or systemic signs of infection
• Limited range of motion in the hand
• Pus drainage if the infection progresses

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves a physical examination to assess bursal characteristics, including tenderness, warmth, and swelling. Imaging (e.g., ultrasound) may be used to evaluate the bursa, and fluid aspiration for culture can confirm infection and identify causative organisms. Clinical correlation with symptoms and history is essential.

Treatment Options

Treatment typically includes antibiotic therapy targeted at the identified or suspected pathogen. Drainage of the infected bursa may be necessary for severe cases. Rest, elevation, and pain management support recovery. Surgical intervention is rare but may be required for persistent or complicated infections.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

With prompt treatment, prognosis is generally good, though residual stiffness or pain may occur. Follow-up ensures resolution of infection and monitors for recurrence. Chronic cases or those with underlying conditions may require longer management.

Complications

Untreated or severe infections can lead to abscess formation, spread to adjacent tissues, or sepsis. Chronic bursitis or functional impairment of the hand may result from delayed treatment.

Lifestyle & Prevention

Avoid repetitive hand trauma or pressure. Maintain good hand hygiene and promptly treat skin injuries. Manage underlying conditions (e.g., diabetes) to reduce infection risk. Use protective gear during activities that stress the hand.

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek care if symptoms worsen, persist beyond a few days, or include fever, pus drainage, or severe pain. Immediate evaluation is needed for signs of systemic infection (e.g., chills, confusion) or rapid swelling.

Tips for Medical Coders

Code M71.14 is specific to infective bursitis of the hand. Document the anatomical site clearly to support coding. Differentiate from non-infective bursitis or other site-specific codes. Ensure clinical documentation aligns with the infection diagnosis for accurate coding.