Name of the Procedure:

Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine Types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, Nonavalent (9vHPV), 2 or 3 Dose Schedule, for Intramuscular Use

Summary

The HPV vaccine protects against nine types of the human papillomavirus, which can lead to various cancers and genital warts. It's given as an injection in the arm over a series of two or three doses depending on the patient's age.

Purpose

The HPV vaccine is designed to prevent infections caused by specific strains of the virus. These infections can lead to cervical cancer, other types of cancer, and genital warts. The goal is to significantly reduce the incidence of these conditions.

Indications

• Routine vaccination for preteens aged 11 or 12, but can be given as early as age 9.
• Catch-up vaccination for males up to age 21 and females up to age 26 if they were not vaccinated earlier.
• Individuals aged 27 through 45 based on specific risk factors and healthcare provider recommendations.

Preparation

• No specific preparation is required.
• Discuss any allergies or current medications with your healthcare provider.
• Inform the provider if feeling unwell on the day of vaccination.

Procedure Description

1. The healthcare provider will confirm the patient's identity and eligibility.
2. The selected injection site on the upper arm is cleaned with an alcohol swab.
3. The vaccine is administered intramuscularly using a sterile needle and syringe.
4. The site is observed briefly for any immediate reactions.
5. The patient is given a date for the next dose if more doses are required.

Duration

The injection itself takes a few minutes, though the entire appointment may last about 15-30 minutes.

Setting

The vaccine is administered in various settings, including:

• Primary care offices
• Public health clinics
• School health clinics
• Pharmacies

Personnel

Typically administered by:

• Doctors
• Nurses
• Pharmacists

Risks and Complications

Common risks:

• Pain, redness, or swelling at the injection site
• Mild fever
• Headache Rare risks:
• Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
• Fainting (more common among adolescents)

Benefits

• Protection against HPV-related cancers and genital warts
• Long-lasting immunity, usually before exposure to HPV through sexual contact
• Reduced cancer burden in the population

Recovery

• Observe the injection site for any reactions.
• Normal activities can typically be resumed immediately.
• A follow-up appointment is necessary for the subsequent doses in the schedule.

Alternatives

• Bivalent and quadrivalent HPV vaccines are available but offer protection against fewer HPV types.
• Regular screening for cervical cancer as an alternative preventive measure.

Patient Experience

• Minor discomfort or pain at the injection site.
• Short-term side effects like mild fever or fatigue.
• Advised to stay seated or lie down briefly after the injection to prevent fainting.
• Pain relief can be managed with over-the-counter medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen.