Name of the Procedure:

Antistreptolysin O (ASO) Titer Screen

Summary

The Antistreptolysin O (ASO) screen is a blood test that measures the presence of antibodies against streptolysin O, an enzyme produced by group A Streptococcus bacteria. Elevated ASO levels can indicate a past or recent infection with these bacteria.

Purpose

The ASO screen is primarily used to:

• Detect recent streptococcal infections.
• Diagnose conditions caused by streptococcal infections, like rheumatic fever or glomerulonephritis.
• Monitor the progression or recurrence of these conditions.

Indications

• Symptoms such as sore throat, fever, joint pain, or rash that may suggest a recent streptococcal infection.
• Patients with signs of potential complications from streptococcal infections, such as heart inflammation (carditis) or kidney inflammation (glomerulonephritis).

Preparation

• No specific preparation is usually required for an ASO screen.
• Inform the healthcare provider of any current medications or recent infections.

Procedure Description

1. Blood Sample Collection: A healthcare professional will draw a blood sample, typically from a vein in your arm.
2. Laboratory Analysis: The sample is sent to a lab where it is tested for the presence and levels of ASO antibodies.

No anesthesia or sedation is required for this procedure.

Duration

The blood collection takes about 5-10 minutes. Laboratory analysis may take a few days.

Setting

The blood sample is usually taken in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or a laboratory setting.

Personnel

• Phlebotomist or Nurse: To draw the blood sample.
• Laboratory Technician: To analyze the blood sample.

Risks and Complications

• Common: Minor pain or bruising at the puncture site.
• Rare: Infection at the puncture site or excessive bleeding.

Benefits

• Early detection and appropriate treatment of streptococcal infections and their complications.
• Better management of conditions like rheumatic fever and glomerulonephritis.

Recovery

• Post-procedure care is minimal, typically just applying a bandage to the puncture site.
• Immediate return to daily activities is usually possible.

Alternatives

• Throat Culture or Rapid Streptococcus Test: To detect current streptococcal infections.
• Anti-DNase B Test: Another type of antibody test that can indicate a recent streptococcal infection.

Patient Experience

• During: A feeling of a quick pinch or sting during blood draw.
• After: Possible mild soreness or bruising; generally well-tolerated with minimal discomfort. Pain management is typically not necessary, but applying a cold pack can help with bruising or swelling.