Name of the Procedure:

Russell Viper Venom Time (RVVT); Diluted

Summary

Russell Viper Venom Time (RVVT) is a blood test that measures the time it takes for blood to clot after adding diluted venom from the Russell viper. It is primarily used to detect lupus anticoagulants, which are antibodies associated with an increased risk of blood clots.

Purpose

RVVT is used to diagnose and manage clotting disorders. It helps identify the presence of lupus anticoagulants, which can contribute to conditions like deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and recurrent miscarriages.

Indications

• Suspected lupus anticoagulant presence.
• Unexplained blood clots.
• Recurrent miscarriages.
• Prolonged partial thromboplastin time (PTT) test results.

Preparation

• Patients may be asked to avoid certain medications, such as anticoagulants, that can affect clotting.
• No specific fasting is required.
• A complete medical history and blood count may be conducted beforehand.

Procedure Description

1. A blood sample is drawn from a vein, typically in the arm.
2. The blood is mixed with diluted Russell viper venom.
3. The time it takes for the blood to clot is measured and recorded.
   • No anesthesia or sedation is necessary as it is a simple blood test.

Duration

The blood draw itself takes only a few minutes. The actual RVVT test is conducted in a laboratory and results are usually available within a few days.

Setting

The blood sample is collected in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or laboratory setting.

Personnel

• Phlebotomist or nurse to draw the blood.
• Laboratory technician to perform the RVVT test.

Risks and Complications

• Minor bruising or discomfort at the blood draw site.
• Rare risk of infection or excessive bleeding.

Benefits

• Accurate diagnosis of clotting disorders.
• Helps guide appropriate treatment plans.
• Provides crucial information for managing risk of blood clots.

Recovery

• Minimal recovery needed, just routine care at the blood draw site.
• Patients can resume normal activities immediately after the sample is taken.

Alternatives

• Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) test.
• Anti-cardiolipin antibody test.
• Each alternative has different sensitivity and specificity for lupus anticoagulants and may be used in conjunction with RVVT.

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort from needle insertion during blood draw.
• No significant pain or side effects post-procedure.
• Results consultation with a healthcare provider to discuss findings and next steps.