Name of the Procedure:

Injection, Phentolamine Mesylate, up to 5 mg (J2760)

Common Name(s): Phentolamine Injection

Technical/Medical Terms: Phentolamine Mesylate Injectable Solution

Summary

Phentolamine Mesylate Injection is a medical procedure where a solution of up to 5 mg of phentolamine mesylate is administered via injection. This injection helps to manage certain medical conditions by blocking alpha-adrenergic receptors, leading to the dilation of blood vessels and increased blood flow.

Purpose

Medical Conditions Addressed:

• Pheochromocytoma
• Hypertension during preoperative or postoperative periods
• Erectile dysfunction (off-label use)

Goals/Expected Outcomes:

• Control high blood pressure associated with pheochromocytoma
• Diagnosis and management of pheochromocytoma
• Temporary improvement in erectile function

Indications

• Suspected or confirmed pheochromocytoma
• Hypertensive episodes in perioperative settings
• Off-label use for erectile dysfunction in certain cases

Patient Criteria:

• Elevated blood pressure unresponsive to other treatments
• Need for differential diagnosis of pheochromocytoma
• Specific cases of erectile dysfunction as determined by a healthcare provider

Preparation

• Follow fasting guidelines if instructed by your healthcare provider.
• Inform your doctor about any medications you are currently taking, as some may need to be adjusted.
• Preliminary blood tests or imaging studies may be required to assess your condition.

Procedure Description

1. The area where the injection will be administered is cleaned and sterilized.
2. Using a fine needle, up to 5 mg of phentolamine mesylate is injected either intramuscularly or intravenously, depending on the indication.
3. The injection may cause some mild discomfort, which typically resolves quickly.

Tools/Equipment:

• Sterile syringe and needle
• Antiseptic wipes
• Phentolamine mesylate injectable solution

Anesthesia/Sedation:

• Generally, no anesthesia or sedation is required. Topical numbing agents may be used in sensitive cases.

Duration

The procedure typically takes around 5-10 minutes to complete.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in a hospital setting, outpatient clinic, or a specialized medical facility.

Personnel

• Registered Nurse (RN) or Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
• Physician or healthcare provider overseeing the procedure

Risks and Complications

Common Risks:

• Localized pain at the injection site
• Dizziness or headache
• Flushing

Rare Risks:

• Severe hypotension (low blood pressure)
• Allergic reactions
• Injection site infection

Complications are managed based on symptoms and may include supportive care and medication adjustments.

Benefits

• Effective management of hypertension associated with pheochromocytoma
• Improved diagnostic accuracy for pheochromocytoma
• Temporary alleviation of erectile dysfunction symptoms

Realization Timeframe: Benefits usually are seen shortly after administration and may last for a few hours.

Recovery

• Monitor blood pressure and other vital signs post-injection.
• Follow specific post-procedure instructions given by your healthcare provider.
• Most patients can resume normal activities immediately, although some may experience mild side effects.

Recovery Time: Typically, very brief, ranging from a few minutes to an hour.

Alternatives

• Other antihypertensive medications (e.g., beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers)
• Surgical interventions for pheochromocytoma
• Oral medications or other treatments for erectile dysfunction

Pros and Cons:

• Alternatives may have different efficacy rates and side effect profiles.
• Oral medications might be more convenient but less effective for acute management of certain conditions compared to phentolamine injection.

Patient Experience

During Procedure:

• Mild discomfort or pain at the injection site
• Sensation of warmth or flushing

After Procedure:

• Possible lightheadedness or dizziness
• Pain relief can be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers if necessary.
• Any severe or concerning symptoms should be reported to a healthcare provider immediately.