Russell viper venom time (includes venom); undiluted
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Russell Viper Venom Time (RVVT); undiluted
Summary
Russell Viper Venom Time (RVVT) is a blood test that measures how long it takes for blood to clot after being exposed to Russell viper venom. This test helps in diagnosing coagulation disorders.
Purpose
The procedure primarily helps in identifying conditions related to blood clotting, such as antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and lupus anticoagulant presence. The goal is to determine if the patient's blood has abnormal clotting properties.
Indications
- Signs of clotting disorders
- Recurrent miscarriages
- Unexplained blood clots
- Diagnosing antiphospholipid syndrome (APS)
- Monitoring patients with known or suspected lupus anticoagulant
Preparation
- No specific fasting required.
- Inform the physician of any medications being taken, as some may need to be paused.
- Blood sample will be drawn, so it is advised to stay hydrated.
Procedure Description
- A blood sample is drawn from a vein in the patient's arm.
- The sample is then mixed with Russell viper venom in a laboratory setting.
- The clotting time is measured and compared against normal values.
No anesthesia or sedation is necessary for this blood test.
Duration
The blood draw itself takes a few minutes, while the laboratory analysis might take several hours to complete.
Setting
Performed at a hospital or outpatient clinic with laboratory facilities.
Personnel
- Phlebotomist or nurse for drawing blood.
- Laboratory technician for analyzing the sample.
Risks and Complications
- Minor bruising or discomfort at the blood draw site.
- Infection at the puncture site (rare).
- Incorrect results if the sample is mishandled.
Benefits
The test can provide critical information about the patient's blood clotting ability, assisting in the diagnosis and management of clotting disorders. Results are usually available within a few days.
Recovery
- No specific post-procedure care needed.
- Patients can resume normal activities immediately.
Alternatives
- Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (aPTT)
- Prothrombin Time (PT)
- Mixing studies Each alternative has its own pros and cons, such as different sensitivities and specificities for various clotting disorders.
Patient Experience
The patient might experience a brief needle prick during the blood draw. Post-procedure, minimal discomfort or bruising can occur at the puncture site. Pain management involves basic care such as applying a cold pack if bruising occurs.