Name of the Procedure:

Professional Services for the Supervision of Preparation and Provision of Antigens for Allergen Immunotherapy; Single Stinging Insect Venom

Summary

This procedure involves the professional supervision of preparing and providing allergens specifically for immunotherapy. It focuses on a single type of stinging insect venom to help build the patient's tolerance to the venom and reduce allergic reactions over time.

Purpose

The procedure aims to help individuals who are allergic to the venom of stinging insects, such as bees or wasps. The main goal is to reduce the severity of allergic reactions and potentially prevent life-threatening anaphylaxis by gradually desensitizing the patient's immune system to the venom.

Indications

• History of severe allergic reactions to stinging insects
• Diagnosis of venom-induced anaphylaxis
• Positive venom-specific IgE tests
• Patients with high risk of future stings due to occupation or lifestyle

Preparation

• No special fasting is required.
• Inform your healthcare provider of all medications you're taking.
• Avoid antihistamines for a set period before the procedure as advised by your doctor.
• Conduct baseline tests, including skin tests for allergy confirmation and possible blood tests.

Procedure Description

1. Initial Evaluation: The patient undergoes an initial consultation and assessment to confirm the allergy and determine the appropriate venom dosage.
2. Preparation of Antigens: Customized allergen extract (venom) is prepared based on the patient's sensitivity level.
3. Administration: The allergen is injected into the patient's skin at regular intervals, starting with a very low dose.
4. Observation: The patient is monitored for any adverse reactions post-injection, usually for about 30 minutes.
5. Gradual Increment: Doses are gradually increased over weeks or months until the patient reaches a maintenance dose.

Duration

• Each injection session typically lasts about 20 to 30 minutes, including observation.
• The entire treatment program can span several months to years.

Setting

• Outpatient clinic or allergy specialist's office.

Personnel

• Allergist/Immunologist
• Trained nursing staff
• Medical assistants

Risks and Complications

• Local reactions at the injection site (redness, swelling)
• Mild systemic reactions (hives, itching)
• Rare but severe reactions (anaphylaxis requiring emergency care)
• Possible infection at injection site

Benefits

• Reduction in severity and frequency of allergic reactions to stinging insect venom
• Potentially lifesaving by reducing risk of anaphylaxis
• Long-term desensitization improving quality of life

Recovery

• Minimal recovery needed; patients can resume normal activities immediately after the observation period.
• Follow-up appointments are required for ongoing injections and monitoring.

Alternatives

• Avoidance of stinging insects and use of protective clothing
• Emergency epinephrine (EpiPen) for immediate treatment of stings
• Oral antihistamines and other medications to manage reactions

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort from injections, akin to a bee sting.
• Possible mild swelling and redness at injection site.
• Healthcare providers will have measures in place to manage pain and ensure your comfort during and after the procedure.