Professional services for the supervision of preparation and provision of antigens for allergen immunotherapy; single or multiple antigens (specify number of doses)
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Professional Services for the Supervision of Preparation and Provision of Antigens for Allergen Immunotherapy
Summary
This procedure involves a healthcare professional overseeing the preparation and administration of tailored allergen extracts—known as antigens—to treat allergy sufferers. This can include a single or multiple antigens customized to a patient's specific allergic sensitivities.
Purpose
The goal is to desensitize the immune system to specific allergens, reducing or eliminating allergic reactions over time. This is particularly beneficial for individuals with severe allergies.
Indications
- Chronic allergic rhinitis
- Severe seasonal allergies
- Allergic asthma
- Skin allergies (e.g., eczema)
- Patients poorly responding to conventional allergy medications
Preparation
- Avoid antihistamines for a recommended period before the procedure.
- Complete any allergy skin tests or blood tests as advised by the healthcare provider.
- Follow specific instructions given by the allergist or physician.
Procedure Description
- Assessment: Evaluate the patient’s allergy profile and medical history.
- Antigen Preparation: Prepare allergen extracts in a sterile environment, tailoring doses based on patient sensitivity.
- Administration: Inject the antigens subcutaneously (under the skin) at regular intervals, which may begin weekly.
- Monitoring: Observe the patient for any immediate allergic reactions after administration.
Tools and Equipment:
- Syringes and needles
- Sterile allergen extracts
- Emergency equipment for allergic reactions
Anesthesia or Sedation: Not typically required.
Duration
The initial preparation and administration session can take about 30 minutes. Ongoing treatments are usually quick, lasting about 15-20 minutes per session.
Setting
The procedure is generally performed in an allergist’s office or outpatient clinic.
Personnel
- Allergist or Immunologist
- Trained nursing staff
Risks and Complications
- Local reactions at the injection site (redness, swelling)
- Systemic allergic reactions (hives, anaphylaxis, though rare)
- Asthma exacerbation Management involves having emergency medications and equipment readily available.
Benefits
- Significant reduction in allergy symptoms.
- Decreased need for allergy medications.
- Potential long-term remission of allergies.
Recovery
- Most patients can resume normal activities immediately.
- Monitor for any delayed reactions for a few hours post-procedure.
Alternatives
- Oral antihistamines or nasal corticosteroids
- Avoidance of known allergens
- Other forms of immunotherapy, such as sublingual tablets
Pros and Cons:
- Medications provide quick relief but don’t treat the underlying problem.
- Immunotherapy may offer longer-term benefits but requires a greater initial time commitment.
Patient Experience
During the procedure, patients might feel a minor sting from the injection. Post-procedure discomfort is minimal, typically involving some local irritation. Pain management is usually not required, but cold compresses can alleviate injection site reactions.