Name of the Procedure:

Injection of phenylephrine and ketorolac, 4 ml vial (HCPCS Code: C9447)

Summary

This procedure involves the injection of a combination of phenylephrine and ketorolac, commonly used to provide pain relief and reduce inflammation, while simultaneously constricting blood vessels to minimize bleeding.

Purpose

This injection is primarily used to manage pain and inflammation while controlling local blood flow during surgical or minor medical procedures. It is commonly utilized in ophthalmic surgeries but may also be applied in other medical contexts requiring such dual action.

Indications

• Patients undergoing specific types of eye surgeries, such as cataract removal
• Conditions necessitating controlled bleeding and inflammation management
• Situations requiring an immediate response to pain and swelling

Preparation

• Fasting is generally not required for this procedure.
• Patients should inform their healthcare provider about any medications they are currently taking.
• A thorough medical history and necessary diagnostic tests will be reviewed prior to administration.

Procedure Description

1. The healthcare provider will prepare the injection site, usually an intravenous line or directly to the surgical site.
2. The 4 ml vial containing the phenylephrine and ketorolac mixture is drawn up into a syringe.
3. The injection is administered either systemically or locally, depending on the specific medical or surgical context.
4. The patient will be monitored for immediate effects and any adverse reactions.

• Tools: Syringe, needle, medication vial
• Anesthesia: None usually required unless part of a larger surgical procedure

Duration

The injection procedure itself typically takes only a few minutes, although preparation and monitoring may add additional time.

Setting

• Outpatient clinic
• Hospital
• Surgical center

Personnel

• Physician or surgeon
• Nurse or medical assistant

Risks and Complications

• Common risks: Mild localized pain, transient swelling or redness at the injection site
• Rare risks: Allergic reactions, significant bleeding or bruising, infection at the injection site, systemic reactions
• Management: Immediate medical attention for any severe reactions, application of mild pain relief measures for common side effects

Benefits

• Rapid pain and inflammation relief
• Minimized bleeding during surgical procedures
• Enhanced visual outcomes for ophthalmic surgeries
• Benefits are typically realized immediately or shortly after administration

Recovery

• No significant recovery time required for the injection itself, though recovery from the associated procedure may vary
• Follow any specific post-operative instructions provided by your healthcare provider
• Expect to resume normal activities shortly unless advised otherwise

Alternatives

• Standard pain relief and anti-inflammatory medications
• Alternative vasoconstrictive agents
• Pros of alternatives: Less invasive, avoidance of potential rare reactions
• Cons of alternatives: May not provide the dual benefit of pain relief and blood flow control

Patient Experience

• Mild discomfort during and immediately after the injection
• Quick onset of pain and inflammation relief
• Any discomfort is typically managed effectively with standard pain relief measures or mild analgesics