Magnetic resonance (eg, proton) imaging, brain (including brain stem); with contrast material(s)
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Brain with Contrast; Proton MRI, Brain; MRI Brain with Contrast
Summary
An MRI of the brain with contrast is a diagnostic imaging test where a magnetic field and radio waves are used to create detailed images of the brain. The procedure involves injecting a contrast material into the bloodstream to enhance the clarity of the images.
Purpose
This procedure helps in diagnosing and evaluating conditions such as brain tumors, brain injuries, strokes, infections, and degenerative diseases. It aims to provide high-resolution images to inform accurate diagnosis and guide treatment plans.
Indications
- Persistent headaches
- Seizures
- Unexplained neurological symptoms
- Suspected brain tumors or infections
- Stroke evaluation
- Traumatic brain injuries
- Monitoring progressive neurological diseases
Preparation
- Fasting for 4-6 hours before the procedure
- Arriving with no makeup or jewelry
- Updating the healthcare provider on any medications or allergies
- Possibly undergoing a renal function test if there are concerns about kidney function
Procedure Description
The patient lies on an MRI table, and an intravenous (IV) line is inserted to administer the contrast material. The table slides into the MRI machine, a large tube surrounded by a circular magnet. The machine captures multiple images of the brain, which can take up to 30-60 minutes. The patient must remain still to ensure clear images. No anesthesia is usually required, although sedatives may be used for claustrophobic patients.
Duration
The procedure typically takes about 45 to 90 minutes.
Setting
This procedure is performed in the radiology department of a hospital or an outpatient imaging center.
Personnel
- Radiologist
- MRI technologist
- Nurse (for IV insertion and monitoring, if necessary)
Risks and Complications
- Rare allergic reactions to the contrast material
- Slight risk of kidney issues in patients with pre-existing kidney problems
- Possible feelings of claustrophobia during the procedure
- Hearing the loud noises from the machine, managed with earplugs or headphones
Benefits
- High-resolution images of brain structures
- Non-invasive with no exposure to ionizing radiation
- Aids in accurate diagnosis and treatment planning
- Immediate visualization of abnormalities with the help of contrast
Recovery
- Patients can usually resume normal activities immediately after the procedure
- Encouraged to drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the contrast material
- Any specific instructions will be provided based on the findings
- Follow-up appointments may be scheduled to discuss results
Alternatives
- CT Scan with Contrast: Faster but involves exposure to ionizing radiation
- PET Scan: Provides metabolic information but with lower anatomical resolution
- Ultrasound: Limited to imaging specific types of brain conditions and often used in infants
Patient Experience
During the MRI, patients may hear loud tapping or thumping sounds from the machine. Comfort measures include earplugs or noise-canceling headphones. The IV contrast injection might cause a brief cold sensation. Post-procedure, patients typically do not experience significant discomfort, and major pain management is not necessary.