Name of the Condition

• Abnormal Echoencephalogram
• Synonyms: Abnormal EEG findings

Summary

An abnormal echoencephalogram, commonly referred to as abnormal EEG findings, indicates irregularities in the brain's electrical activity. This condition can be a sign of various neurological disorders, but more investigation is typically required for a definitive diagnosis.

Causes

• Neurological disorders such as epilepsy or seizures
• Head injuries
• Brain tumors
• Stroke
• Infections affecting the brain, such as encephalitis

Risk Factors

• Family history of neurological conditions
• Prior head trauma
• History of strokes or transient ischemic attacks (TIAs)
• Presence of brain tumors
• Exposure to neurotoxins

Symptoms

• Seizures or convulsions
• Unexplained unconsciousness or lapses in awareness
• Persistent headaches
• Behavioral changes

Diagnosis

• Electroencephalogram (EEG) to assess electrical activity in the brain
• MRI or CT scans to visualize structural issues
• Neurological examination to evaluate brain function

Treatment Options

• Anti-seizure medications to manage epileptic activity
• Surgery in cases of tumors or structural abnormalities
• Treatment targeting the underlying cause, such as an infection
• Lifestyle adjustments and support therapies

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Prognosis varies widely depending on the underlying cause of the abnormal EEG.
• Regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor changes and adjust treatments.
• Long-term outlook depends on the successful management of the underlying condition.

Complications

• Ongoing neurological deficits
• Increased risk of seizures if untreated
• Potential progression of underlying diseases

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Manage stress through meditation or therapy
• Participate in regular physical activity
• Ensure a balanced diet with adequate hydration
• Avoid exposure to known neurotoxins and head injuries

When to Seek Professional Help

• Sudden onset of seizures or severe headaches
• Changes in consciousness or awareness
• Persistent neurological symptoms without clear cause

Additional Resources

• Epilepsy Foundation: www.epilepsy.com
• American Academy of Neurology: www.aan.com
• Brain & Behavior Research Foundation: www.bbrfoundation.org

Tips for Medical Coders

• Verify that the EEG shows documented abnormalities before using ICD code R90.81.
• Ensure associated conditions, if known, are coded separately for specificity.
• Common errors include coding EEG without confirmed abnormal findings; accuracy is key.