Magnetic Resonance Imaging Without Contrast Followed by With Contrast, Breast; Unilateral (C8905)

Name of the Procedure:

Common Names: Breast MRI Technical Terms: Magnetic Resonance Imaging without contrast followed by with contrast, unilateral breast

Summary

This procedure involves imaging one breast using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technology. Initially, images are taken without using a contrast agent, followed by imaging with a contrast agent to highlight certain tissues.

Purpose

The procedure aims to:

• Detect abnormalities in breast tissue, such as tumors or cysts.
• Evaluate the extent of cancer if already diagnosed.
• Monitor treatment progress in breast cancer patients.

Indications

• Unexplained breast pain or lumps.
• Abnormalities found in a mammogram or ultrasound.
• Heavy family history of breast cancer.
• Monitoring previously diagnosed breast cancer.
• Pre-surgical planning for breast cancer patients.

Preparation

• Patients may be asked to fast for a few hours before the procedure.
• Discuss any allergies, especially to contrast agents.
• Removal of metallic objects like jewelry and hearing aids.
• Possible adjustment of medications as advised by a doctor.
• Pre-procedure screening with blood tests to ensure kidney function is adequate for contrast usage.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies face down on the MRI table, with the breast positioned in a dedicated coil.
2. Initial MRI scans are taken without contrast, capturing a baseline image.
3. A contrast agent is injected intravenously.
4. More scans are taken with the contrast to provide enhanced images.
5. The patient must remain still throughout the scans to ensure image clarity.

Equipment used:

• MRI machine.
• Intravenous line for the contrast agent.

Typically, no anesthesia or sedation is needed unless the patient is extremely anxious or unable to remain still.

Duration

The entire process usually takes around 45 to 60 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is performed in a specialized imaging center, hospital, or outpatient clinic equipped with an MRI machine.

Personnel

• Radiologist: Conducts and interprets MRI scans.
• MRI Technologist: Operates the MRI machine.
• Nurse or Technician: Administers the contrast agent.

Risks and Complications

• Rare allergic reactions to the contrast agent.
• Mild discomfort from lying still or the IV insertion.
• Very rarely, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with severe kidney issues.

Benefits

• Detailed imaging of breast tissues.
• Can differentiate between benign and malignant lesions.
• Early detection and accurate staging of breast cancer.

Recovery

• Typically, no recovery time is needed, and normal activities can be resumed immediately.
• Drink plenty of fluids to help flush out the contrast agent.
• Follow-up appointments to discuss results and any further action if needed.

Alternatives

• Mammography: A common screening tool but less detailed for dense breast tissues.
• Ultrasound: Good for guiding biopsies but less effective in overall breast imaging.
• Breast Biopsy: Direct tissue sampling but is more invasive.

Patient Experience

During the MRI:

• You may feel slight pressure or discomfort from the IV.
• The machine’s operation can be loud, but earplugs or headphones may be provided.
• You can communicate with the technologist throughout the procedure.

After the MRI:

• No significant pain usually.
• Potential mild bruising or discomfort at the IV site.
• You can expect to receive results in a few days, which your healthcare provider will discuss with you.