Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of the Breast, with or without Contrast; Bilateral

Summary

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan of the breast utilizes strong magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of both breasts. It can be performed with or without a contrast dye to highlight specific areas for better clarity.

Purpose

The procedure helps detect and evaluate breast abnormalities, such as lumps, lesions, or changes in tissue. It aims to provide comprehensive imaging to assist in diagnosing conditions like breast cancer and to monitor treatment. Expected outcomes include accurate detection of abnormalities and detailed imaging to guide further medical decisions.

Indications

MRI of the breast may be recommended for individuals with:

• Lumps or abnormalities detected by a mammogram or ultrasound.
• A high risk of breast cancer due to family history or genetic factors.
• Dense breast tissue that makes other imaging techniques less effective.
• Assessment of the extent of breast cancer.
• Monitoring of existing breast cancer treatment.

Preparation

Before the procedure, patients should:

• Inform the doctor of any allergies, medical conditions, or implants.
• Remove all metal objects and jewelry.
• Follow fasting instructions if a contrast dye will be used.
• Possibly undergo blood tests to check kidney function if contrast material is needed.

Procedure Description

1. Pre-Procedure Preparation:

   • Patients change into a hospital gown and remove any metallic objects.
   • An IV line may be inserted if contrast dye is to be used.

2. During the Procedure:

   • The patient lies face down on a special table with openings for the breasts.
   • The table slides into the MRI scanner.
   • The machine generates magnetic fields and radio waves to create images.
   • If contrast is used, it is injected halfway through the imaging process.

3. Post-Procedure:

   • The IV line is removed if used, and patients can return to normal activities.

Tools and Equipment:

• MRI scanner, IV line, contrast dye (if applicable).

Anesthesia/Sedation:

• Typically, no anesthesia or sedation is required.

Duration

The procedure usually takes about 30 to 60 minutes.

Setting

The MRI scan is performed in a hospital’s radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• Radiology technician
• Nurse (if contrast dye is used)

Risks and Complications

Common risks include:

• Allergic reactions to the contrast dye (if used).
• Discomfort from lying still for an extended period.
• Rarely, issues related to magnetic fields and metallic implants. Possible complications may be managed by the healthcare team on-site.

Benefits

The MRI provides detailed images that can help in the early detection and treatment of breast issues, improving the chances of successful treatment. Benefits are often realized as soon as the images are reviewed and analyzed.

Recovery

Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately after the procedure. If contrast dye was used, drinking plenty of fluids helps flush it from the body.

Alternatives

Other imaging options include mammograms and breast ultrasounds.

• Mammograms: Good for routine screening but less effective with dense breast tissue.
• Ultrasounds: Useful for distinguishing between solid masses and cysts but may not detect all abnormalities.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, patients may feel a brief sensation of cold when contrast dye is injected. The MRI machine produces loud noises, so ear protection is often provided. After the procedure, patients typically feel normal and experience minimal discomfort.