Name of the Procedure:

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast, without and/or with contrast material(s); unilateral
Common name(s): Breast MRI, Unilateral Breast MRI

Summary

An MRI of the breast is a non-invasive imaging procedure that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of breast tissue. It may be performed with or without a contrast material to enhance the clarity of the images, and is done on one breast (unilateral).

Purpose

This procedure helps to diagnose and evaluate various breast conditions, including detecting breast cancer, assessing the extent of cancer after diagnosis, and monitoring the response to treatment. The goal is to provide detailed images that aid in accurate diagnosis and optimal treatment planning.

Indications

• Unexplained breast pain or lumps
• Abnormal results from a mammogram or ultrasound
• High-risk factors for breast cancer (e.g., BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations)
• Monitoring the effectiveness of breast cancer treatment
• Pre-surgical planning for breast cancer patients

Preparation

• Wear comfortable clothing and remove any metal objects.
• Inform your healthcare provider of any allergies, especially to contrast materials.
• Discuss any implanted medical devices, as they may affect MRI compatibility.
• Fasting is generally not required but follow specific instructions provided by your healthcare provider.
• A blood test to assess kidney function may be required before using contrast material.

Procedure Description

1. The patient lies face down on a cushioned table with openings for the breasts.
2. The table slides into the MRI scanner.
3. If a contrast material is used, it is administered through an intravenous (IV) line.
4. The scanner takes a series of images, which may take about 30-60 minutes.
5. The patient must remain still during the imaging to ensure clear pictures.

Duration

The procedure typically takes about 30-60 minutes to complete.

Setting

The procedure is performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist
• MRI technologist
• Nurse (if contrast material is used)

Risks and Complications

• Common: Discomfort from lying still, claustrophobia, or mild reactions to contrast material (e.g., nausea).
• Rare: Allergic reaction to contrast material, issues with implanted devices, contrast-induced nephropathy (rare kidney issue).

Benefits

• High-resolution images aiding in the early detection and precise characterization of breast abnormalities.
• Valuable information for treatment planning and monitoring.
• Non-invasive and generally well-tolerated.

Recovery

• No specific recovery time; patients can usually resume normal activities immediately.
• Follow any post-procedure instructions given by your healthcare provider.
• A follow-up appointment may be scheduled to discuss the results.

Alternatives

• Mammography: Good for initial screening, but less detailed.
• Breast ultrasound: Useful for evaluating lumps, especially in dense breast tissue.
• Clinical breast exam: Performed by a healthcare provider to manually check for lumps.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, the patient may feel some discomfort from remaining still and the noise of the MRI machine. If contrast material is used, a cool sensation may be felt when it is injected. After the procedure, there may be mild soreness at the IV site, but most patients feel comfortable resuming their daily activities.