Name of the Condition

• Malignant Neoplasm of Central Portion of Unspecified Female Breast
• Breast Cancer, Central Portion, NOS

Summary

Malignant neoplasm of the central portion of an unspecified female breast refers to a type of breast cancer that develops in the central area of the breast tissue. It involves the abnormal growth of cells within the breast, forming tumors that can spread to other parts of the body.

Causes

The precise causes of breast cancer are not fully understood. However, it is believed to arise from genetic mutations and changes in breast tissue cells. Factors like family history and genetic predispositions, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations, play a significant role.

Risk Factors

• Age (more common in older women)
• Family history of breast cancer
• Genetic mutations (BRCA1, BRCA2)
• Previous history of breast cancer
• Hormonal factors (e.g., early menstruation, late menopause)
• Lifestyle factors (e.g., obesity, alcohol consumption)

Symptoms

• A new lump or mass in the breast
• Changes in breast shape or size
• Dimpling of the skin over the breast
• Inversion of the nipple
• Redness or scaling of the nipple or breast skin
• Discharge from the nipple

Diagnosis

• Clinical breast examination
• Mammography
• Ultrasound of the breast
• Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
• Biopsy to examine tissue sample

Treatment Options

• Surgery (lumpectomy, mastectomy)
  • Removes cancerous tissue or entire breast.
• Radiation therapy
  • Uses high-energy waves to kill cancer cells.
• Chemotherapy
  • Involves drugs to target and destroy cancer cells.
• Hormonal therapy
  • Blocks hormones that fuel cancer growth.
• Targeted therapy
  • Uses drugs that specifically target cancer cell mechanisms.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

The prognosis depends on the stage at diagnosis and treatment response. Early detection leads to better outcomes, with regular follow-ups necessary to monitor recurrence or spread.

Complications

• Metastasis (spread of cancer to other parts of the body)
• Recurrence of cancer
• Lymphedema (swelling due to lymph node removal)

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Regular physical activity
• Healthy diet rich in fruits and vegetables
• Limiting alcohol intake
• Regular breast cancer screenings
• Genetic counseling and testing for high-risk individuals

When to Seek Professional Help

• Unexplained changes in breast or nipple
• Presence of a new lump or mass in the breast
• Any persistent and unusual breast symptoms

Additional Resources

• American Cancer Society: cancer.org
• Breastcancer.org: breastcancer.org
• National Breast Cancer Foundation: nationalbreastcancer.org

Tips for Medical Coders

• Verify documentation supports ICD-10-CM coding criteria.
• Avoid mistakes by ensuring the specificity of the condition is captured, particularly that it is unspecified for the male or female breast.
• Be aware of guidelines specifying the site and laterality when applicable.