Name of the Procedure:

High-Risk Sexual Behavior Screening for HIV
(Commonly referred to as HIV Screening or HIV Risk Assessment)

Summary

HIV Screening for high-risk sexual behavior involves an assessment to identify individuals who may have been exposed to the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) due to their sexual activities. The procedure includes a thorough questionnaire and possibly lab tests to determine HIV status.

Purpose

The primary purpose of the screening is to identify individuals at risk for HIV/AIDS through their sexual behavior. Early identification enables timely intervention, including education, prevention measures, and treatment. The procedure aims to reduce the spread of HIV and improve patient outcomes.

Indications

• Individuals with multiple sexual partners
• Unprotected sex (not using condoms)
• Recent diagnosis of another sexually transmitted infection (STI)
• Men who have sex with men
• Exchange of sex for drugs or money
• Relationships with HIV-positive partners

Preparation

Patients are generally advised to provide honest and complete information about their sexual history and behaviors. No specific physical preparation, fasting, or medication adjustments are usually required before the assessment.

Procedure Description

1. Patient History: The healthcare provider conducts a detailed history, including sexual behaviors, STI history, and any signs of infection.
2. Questionnaire: Patients complete a standardized questionnaire covering behaviors that may increase HIV risk.
3. Counseling: The healthcare provider offers counseling on HIV prevention, safer sex practices, and the importance of regular testing.
4. Testing: If indicated, a blood or oral fluid sample is taken for an HIV test.
5. Results and Follow-Up: The healthcare provider discusses the results and any further steps, including treatment plans if necessary.

Tools: Standardized questionnaires, blood or oral fluid test kits.

Duration

The entire screening process, including the questionnaire and possible testing, typically takes about 30-60 minutes.

Setting

HIV Screening can be performed in various settings, including:

• Outpatient clinics
• Community health centers
• Sexual health clinics
• Primary care offices

Personnel

Usually conducted by:

• Primary care physicians
• Nurses
• Physician assistants
• Sexual health counselors or specialists

Risks and Complications

• Emotional distress: Discussing high-risk behaviors may cause anxiety or discomfort.
• False positives/negatives: Though rare, there is a slight risk of inaccurate results.
• Confidentiality concerns: Fear of sensitive information being disclosed.

Benefits

• Early Detection: Identifying HIV early for timely treatment.
• Prevention Education: Providing information on reducing risk behaviors.
• Peace of Mind: Understanding one’s HIV status can relieve uncertainty.

Recovery

No physical recovery is needed from the screening itself. Patients may need follow-up appointments based on results and counseling outcomes, especially if an HIV test returns a positive result.

Alternatives

• Routine or periodic HIV testing without a specific risk behavior assessment.
• Use of at-home HIV test kits.
• Abstinence or consistent use of condoms to prevent HIV transmission.

Patient Experience

Patients may experience some anxiety during the questionnaire and waiting period for test results. The HIV test itself, if needed, is minimally invasive, with the blood draw or oral swab causing slight discomfort. Emotional support and counseling are provided to help manage any distress or anxiety.