Name of the Condition

• Periodontosis, also known as "chronic periodontitis" or "destructive periodontal disease."

Summary

• Periodontosis is a severe, chronic form of gum disease that leads to the destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth. Unlike gingivitis, periodontosis affects the deeper tissues and can result in tooth loss if not treated appropriately.

Causes

• The exact cause of periodontosis is not fully understood, but it is linked to a combination of factors including bacterial infection, immune response, and hereditary susceptibility. Accumulation of dental plaque and tartar is commonly associated with its development.

Risk Factors

• Smoking or tobacco use
• Poor oral hygiene
• Diabetes and other systemic conditions
• Genetic predisposition
• Certain medications which reduce saliva flow
• Age - more common in older adults

Symptoms

• Receding gums
• Persistent bad breath
• Bleeding gums during brushing or flossing
• Loose or shifting teeth
• Deep pockets between teeth and gums

Diagnosis

• Clinical examination of the gums
• Measurement of pocket depths around teeth with a periodontal probe
• Dental X-rays to assess bone loss
• Evaluation of plaque and tartar buildup

Treatment Options

• Professional "deep cleaning" procedures, like scaling and root planing, to remove plaque and tartar beneath the gumline.
• Antibiotics to control bacterial infection.
• Surgical interventions, such as flap surgery, to reduce pocket depth.
• Ongoing maintenance therapy to prevent recurrence.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• With early intervention and continuous management, periodontosis can be controlled, preventing further damage to oral structures.
• Regular dental visits and strict oral hygiene practices are crucial for maintaining oral health and preventing disease progression.

Complications

• Tooth loss
• Increased risk of cardiovascular disease and other systemic conditions
• Abscesses in the infected gum areas
• Possible impact on diabetes control

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Maintain diligent oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing
• Avoid tobacco products
• Adopt a balanced diet rich in vitamins C and D
• Schedule regular dental check-ups and cleanings
• Manage underlying conditions such as diabetes

When to Seek Professional Help

• If you notice persistent gum bleeding, bad breath, or any loosening of teeth
• Sudden changes in bite or alignment of teeth
• Gum recession or visible tooth roots

Additional Resources

• American Academy of Periodontology
• National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) – Oral Health Basics

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the condition is not confused with gingivitis (K05.0–K05.2).
• Carefully distinguish between aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontosis based on clinical details.
• Verify supporting documentation for accurate classification under ICD code K05.4.