Name of the Procedure:

Intraoral Incision and Drainage of Abscess, Cyst, or Hematoma of Tongue or Floor of Mouth; Masticator Space

Summary

This procedure involves making an incision inside the mouth to drain an abscess, cyst, or hematoma located in the tongue, floor of the mouth, or masticator space. Such conditions can cause pain, swelling, and infection, and drainage helps to alleviate these symptoms and clear the infection.

Purpose

This procedure addresses abscesses, cysts, or hematomas that cause swelling, pain, and potential infection in the mouth. The goal is to relieve symptoms, prevent the spread of infection, and promote healing.

Indications

• Persistent and painful swelling in the tongue or floor of the mouth
• Presence of an abscess, cyst, or hematoma confirmed by imaging or physical examination
• Difficulty in swallowing, speaking, or breathing due to swelling
• Infection signs such as fever, redness, or pus discharge

Preparation

• Fasting for a specified period before the procedure if anesthesia is required
• Adjustments or cessation of certain medications as advised by a healthcare provider
• Diagnostic imaging such as X-rays or CT scans may be performed to locate the abscess, cyst, or hematoma

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned comfortably, and local or general anesthesia is administered.
2. A sterile environment is prepared.
3. Using sterile tools, the surgeon makes a small incision in the mucosa of the mouth at the site of the abscess, cyst, or hematoma.
4. The drainage of the fluid or pus from the affected area is performed.
5. The area is thoroughly irrigated and cleaned.
6. Sometimes, a small drain may be placed to allow further drainage.
7. The incision is closed with sutures if necessary.

Duration

The procedure typically takes 30 minutes to an hour.

Setting

This procedure is usually performed in a hospital operating room, outpatient clinic, or surgical center.

Personnel

• Oral and maxillofacial surgeon
• Surgical nurse
• Anesthesiologist (if general anesthesia is used)

Risks and Complications

• Bleeding
• Infection
• Damage to surrounding tissues or structures
• Pain and swelling post-procedure
• Risk of recurrence of the abscess, cyst, or hematoma

Benefits

• Relief from pain and swelling
• Reduction or elimination of infection
• Improved function in speaking, swallowing, and breathing
• Promotion of healing in the affected area

Recovery

• Patients typically need to follow a diet of soft foods and maintain oral hygiene.
• Pain medication and antibiotics may be prescribed.
• Follow-up appointments to monitor healing and remove any placed drains.
• Most patients can resume normal activities within a few days to a week, but strenuous activities may be limited for longer.

Alternatives

• Antibiotic therapy alone may be an option but is usually less effective for large or well-defined abscesses.
• Needle aspiration can be an alternative for certain cases but may not be as definitive.
• Observation and supportive care for minor, non-infected cysts or hematomas that are not causing significant problems.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, patients under local anesthesia may feel pressure but should not feel pain. With general anesthesia, patients are asleep and unaware. Post-procedure, patients may experience soreness, swelling, and mild pain, which can be managed with prescribed medications and home care measures. Proper rest and follow-up care are essential for a smooth recovery.