Name of the Procedure:

Endodontic Therapy (Commonly known as "Root Canal Treatment")

Summary

Endodontic therapy, often referred to as a root canal, is a dental procedure used to treat infection or inflammation of the pulp (the soft tissue inside the tooth). This procedure involves removing the infected pulp, cleaning and disinfecting the inner surface of the tooth, and then filling and sealing it to prevent further infection.

Purpose

Endodontic therapy addresses issues such as severe tooth decay, trauma, or infection that affect the pulp of the tooth. The main goals are to eliminate pain, remove infection, and preserve the natural tooth, thus avoiding the need for extraction.

Indications

• Persistent toothache
• Sensitivity to hot and cold
• Swelling or tenderness near the affected tooth
• Deep decay or damage to the tooth
• Infection or abscess at the root of the tooth

Preparation

• Patients may need to undergo X-rays to determine the extent of the infection.
• No specific fasting or dietary restrictions unless sedation is required.
• Inform the dentist of any medications or health conditions.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is administered to numb the area around the affected tooth.
2. Accessing the Tooth: A small opening is made in the crown of the tooth to access the pulp.
3. Removing the Pulp: The infected or inflamed pulp is carefully removed using specialized dental instruments.
4. Cleaning and Disinfecting: The inner chamber and root canals of the tooth are cleaned and disinfected.
5. Filling: The cleaned canals are filled with a biocompatible material called gutta-percha.
6. Sealing: The opening in the tooth is sealed with a temporary or permanent filling. A crown may be placed later to provide additional support.

Duration

The procedure typically takes between 60 to 90 minutes, depending on the complexity of the case.

Setting

Endodontic therapy is usually performed in a dental office or clinic.

Personnel

• Dentist or Endodontist: Performs the procedure.
• Dental Assistant: Assists the dentist throughout the procedure.
• Anesthesiologist (if sedation is used): Administers sedation and monitors the patient.

Risks and Complications

• Common risks include mild pain or discomfort, swelling, and infection.
• Rare complications may involve damage to nearby teeth, incomplete removal of pulp, or failed sealing, which might require retreatment.

Benefits

• Relief from pain and infection.
• Preservation of the natural tooth.
• Improved oral health and functionality.

Recovery

• Post-procedure care involves maintaining oral hygiene and avoiding hard foods until the tooth is fully restored.
• Mild discomfort or sensitivity is expected for a few days, manageable with over-the-counter painkillers.
• Follow-up visits may be necessary to place a crown and ensure complete healing.

Alternatives

• Tooth Extraction: Removing the affected tooth altogether, which may require replacement with a dental implant, bridge, or denture.
• Pulp Capping: A less invasive procedure suitable for minor pulp exposure.
• Dental Implants: An option if the tooth cannot be preserved.

Patient Experience

During the procedure, patients will feel minimal discomfort due to local anesthesia. Afterward, there may be mild pain or sensitivity, which generally subsides within a few days. Pain management typically involves over-the-counter pain relievers, and most patients can resume normal activities shortly after the procedure.