Name of the Procedure:

Periodontal Scaling and Root Planing - One to Three Teeth (HCPCS Code: D4342) Common name: Deep Cleaning

Summary

Periodontal Scaling and Root Planing is a dental procedure aimed at cleaning the areas below the gumline to treat and prevent gum disease. It specifically targets the removal of plaque, tartar, and bacterial toxins from the roots of one to three teeth.

Purpose

This procedure addresses periodontal (gum) disease, characterized by inflammation, gum recession, and bone loss around the teeth. The primary goal is to prevent disease progression, reduce gum inflammation, and promote reattachment of healthy gum tissue to the teeth.

Indications

• Persistent gum inflammation and bleeding
• Deep periodontal pockets (spaces between the teeth and gums)
• Receding gums
• Loose teeth
• Bad breath (halitosis) due to bacterial buildup

Preparation

• Brush and floss your teeth before the appointment.
• Disclose any medications or health conditions to your dentist.
• A thorough dental examination, including X-rays, may be conducted to assess the extent of gum disease.
• No fasting is required, but you may need to adjust certain medications on your dentist's advice.

Procedure Description

1. Anesthesia: Local anesthesia is administered to numb the gums and teeth.
2. Scaling: Special dental instruments, such as ultrasonic scalers and hand tools, are used to remove plaque and tartar from the tooth surfaces and beneath the gums.
3. Root Planing: The root surfaces are smoothed out to eliminate rough spots where bacteria gather and to encourage the healthy reattachment of gums to teeth.
4. Rinse and Antimicrobial Treatment: The area may be rinsed with an antiseptic solution and treated with antimicrobial agents to reduce bacterial growth.

Duration

The procedure typically takes 45 to 60 minutes, depending on the number of teeth and the severity of the gum disease.

Setting

• Dental office or clinic

Personnel

• General dentist or periodontist
• Dental hygienist
• Dental assistant

Risks and Complications

• Mild discomfort or sensitivity
• Swelling or bleeding gums
• Risk of infection (rare)
• Incomplete removal of tartar, necessitating further treatment

Benefits

• Reduction in gum inflammation and bleeding
• Prevention of further gum recession and bone loss
• Improved oral hygiene and overall oral health
• Reduced risk of tooth loss
• Fresher breath

Recovery

• Post-procedure sensitivity, especially to cold foods and drinks, is common and typically subsides within a few days.
• Follow your dentist's instructions on oral hygiene, including brushing and flossing gently.
• Use prescribed antibacterial mouthwash or take antibiotics if recommended.
• Schedule follow-up appointments as advised to monitor healing and manage any residual gum issues.

Alternatives

• Routine professional teeth cleaning: Suitable for mild gum disease but less effective for advanced periodontal conditions.
• Periodontal surgery: May be required for severe cases where scaling and root planing are insufficient.
• Antibiotic therapy: Can be combined with other treatments but not a standalone solution.

Patient Experience

• During the procedure, you’ll be numb and should feel little to no pain, though pressure sensations are normal.
• Post-procedure discomfort is manageable with over-the-counter pain relievers and typically subsides within a few days.
• Some temporary swelling, bleeding, and sensitivity may occur but usually resolve quickly with proper care.