Name of the Procedure:

Injection, Burosumab-twza 1 mg
Common Names: Burosumab Injection
Technical/Medical Term: Burosumab-twza Injection

Summary:

Burosumab-twza injection is a medical procedure where a medication called burosumab is administered to the patient. This medication is used to treat certain conditions caused by a phosphate imbalance in the body.

Purpose:

Burosumab-twza injection is primarily used to treat X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH), a rare genetic disorder that causes low phosphate levels in the blood, leading to poor bone health and growth issues. The goals of this treatment are to normalize phosphate levels, enhance bone health, alleviate symptoms like bone pain, and improve physical function and growth in children.

Indications:

• Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH).
• Symptoms such as bone pain, weakness, and skeletal deformities.
• Requirements include certain laboratory tests confirming low phosphate levels and/or elevated levels of FGF23 hormone.

Preparation:

• No specific fasting or stringent medication adjustments are usually required.
• Patients might need to undergo lab tests to confirm low blood phosphate levels.
• Discussion with the healthcare provider to review medical history and any current medications.

Procedure Description:

1. The patient is positioned comfortably, often sitting or lying down.
2. A healthcare professional prepares the burosumab-twza injection.
3. The injection site, typically in the upper arm, thigh, or buttocks, is cleaned with an antiseptic solution.
4. Using a syringe, the professional administers the burosumab-twza medication subcutaneously (under the skin).
5. The area may be gently massaged or pressed to distribute the medication.

Duration:

The injection process typically takes about 15-30 minutes, including preparation and post-injection monitoring.

Setting:

This procedure is often performed in an outpatient clinic, hospital setting, or specialized treatment center.

Personnel:

• Licensed healthcare provider (e.g., nurse, physician assistant, or doctor) who is trained in administering injections.
• An additional staff member might assist with patient positioning and monitoring.

Risks and Complications:

• Common: Injection site reactions (redness, pain, swelling), headache, and gastrointestinal disturbances (such as nausea).
• Rare: Severe allergic reactions, elevated blood levels of calcium, or complications related to imbalanced phosphate levels.
• Management: Immediate treatment for allergic reactions, monitoring phosphate levels, and adjusting dosage if necessary.

Benefits:

• Improvement in phosphate levels and bone mineralization.
• Reduction in bone pain and skeletal deformities.
• Enhanced physical function and growth in affected children.
• Benefits may be observed within a few weeks to months after starting treatment.

Recovery:

• Patients can usually resume normal activities shortly after the injection.
• Detailed post-procedure care instructions, including signs of adverse reactions to watch for.
• Regular follow-up appointments to monitor phosphate levels and overall health status.

Alternatives:

• Oral phosphate supplements and active vitamin D analogs such as calcitriol.
• These alternatives might require multiple daily doses and carry risks of hypercalcemia and nephrocalcinosis.
• Pros: Non-invasive, readily available.
• Cons: Less effective in normalizing phosphate levels compared to burosumab-twza.

Patient Experience:

• During the procedure: Mild discomfort or stinging sensation at the injection site.
• After the procedure: Possible temporary swelling or redness at the injection site.
• Pain management: Over-the-counter pain relievers and cold packs can be used to manage minor discomfort.