Name of the Procedure:

Injection, gadoxetate disodium, 1 ml (HCPCS Code: A9581)

Summary

An injection of gadoxetate disodium is a diagnostic procedure where a contrast agent is introduced into the bloodstream. This agent improves the visibility of internal organs, particularly the liver, during imaging tests like MRI.

Purpose

This procedure is used to enhance the imaging of the liver, helping in the early diagnosis and evaluation of hepatic lesions, liver tumors, and other liver-related abnormalities. The goal is to obtain clear and detailed images to facilitate accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.

Indications

• Detection and characterization of liver lesions (e.g., tumors, metastases)
• Evaluation of liver function and structure
• Monitoring liver diseases and conditions

Patients who require a detailed assessment of liver conditions or have symptoms such as unexplained liver abnormalities, jaundice, or suspected liver tumors might be suitable candidates for this procedure.

Preparation

• Patients may need to fast for 4-6 hours prior to the procedure.
• Inform the healthcare provider about any medications or allergies.
• Complete necessary blood tests or kidney function assessments to ensure contrast safety.

Procedure Description

1. The patient is positioned on the MRI table.
2. An IV line is inserted, usually into a vein in the arm.
3. Gadoxetate disodium is injected through the IV.
4. MRI scanning begins, capturing images of the liver before and after the contrast agent administration.
5. The procedure is closely monitored by a radiologist and a technician.

Typically, no anesthesia or sedation is required unless the patient has severe anxiety or other concerns.

Duration

The procedure generally takes about 30 to 60 minutes, including preparation and imaging time.

Setting

This procedure is performed in a radiology department, either in a hospital or an outpatient imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologist: To oversee the procedure and interpret the images.
• Radiology technologist: To operate the MRI machine and assist with contrast injection.
• Nurses: To help with patient care and IV administration.

Risks and Complications

• Common risks: Mild allergic reactions, such as rash or itching.
• Rare risks: Severe allergic reactions, kidney problems in patients with preexisting kidney conditions.

If complications occur, supportive treatment and emergency intervention are available.

Benefits

• High-resolution images of the liver, leading to accurate diagnosis.
• Non-invasive with minimal discomfort.
• Faster and more reliable evaluation of liver conditions.

Recovery

• Patients can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Drink plenty of fluids to help flush the contrast agent from the body.
• Follow-up appointments may be needed to discuss imaging results with the physician.

Alternatives

• Ultrasound: Non-invasive, but less detailed.
• CT Scan: Provides good images but involves radiation exposure.
• Biopsy: Invasive procedure with more risks but provides tissue diagnosis.

Choosing the appropriate alternative depends on the specific clinical scenario and the patient's medical history.

Patient Experience

Patients may feel a cold sensation or slight discomfort during the injection of the contrast agent. Most experience no pain during the MRI scan. Post-procedure, patients typically do not experience significant symptoms and can return to normal activities immediately. Any discomfort can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relief if necessary.