Diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, acellular pertussis vaccine and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (DTaP-IPV), when administered to children 4 through 6 years of age, for intramuscular use
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, acellular pertussis vaccine and inactivated poliovirus vaccine (DTaP-IPV)
Summary
The DTaP-IPV vaccine is an intramuscular injection given to children aged 4 through 6 years. It protects against four serious diseases: diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough (pertussis), and polio.
Purpose
The DTaP-IPV vaccine aims to prevent diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio, which are potentially life-threatening diseases. The expected outcome is to provide immunity to these diseases and reduce the incidence and severity of outbreaks.
Indications
This vaccine is indicated for routine immunization of children between the ages of 4 and 6. It’s particularly appropriate for children who have previously received the DTaP and IPV series but need a booster before entering school.
Preparation
No special preparation, such as fasting or medication adjustments, is typically required. Parents should inform the healthcare provider of the child’s medical history and any current medications.
Procedure Description
- The child is seated comfortably.
- A healthcare provider cleans the injection site (usually the thigh or upper arm) with an antiseptic wipe.
- The vaccine is administered as an intramuscular injection.
- A small bandage may be applied.
- The child is observed briefly for any immediate adverse reactions.
No anesthesia or sedation is necessary.
Duration
The procedure typically takes just a few minutes.
Setting
The DTaP-IPV vaccine is usually administered in a pediatrician’s office or a family practice clinic.
Personnel
A licensed healthcare professional, such as a nurse or doctor, administers the vaccine.
Risks and Complications
Common risks include mild fever, soreness, redness, or swelling at the injection site. Rare but serious complications may include severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis). These are managed with immediate medical attention.
Benefits
The vaccine provides strong protection against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio. Immunity typically develops within a few weeks after the injection.
Recovery
Post-procedure care involves monitoring the child for any adverse effects for a short period. There are no significant restrictions, though parents should observe the injection site for any unusual reactions and schedule follow-up appointments as needed.
Alternatives
Alternatives to combination vaccines include individual vaccines for each disease, though this approach requires more injections and frequent healthcare visits. Combination vaccines are generally preferred for convenience and efficiency.
Patient Experience
The child may feel a brief sting or discomfort during the injection. Pain management typically involves comforting the child and applying a cold pack to the injection site if soreness occurs. Parents can offer reassurance and can use distractions or rewards for a positive experience.