Name of the Procedure:

Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Staphylococcus aureus, amplified probe technique

Summary

This procedure involves testing a sample from the patient for the presence of Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. It uses advanced nucleic acid-based methods (DNA/RNA) to detect and amplify the genetic material of the bacteria, allowing for precise identification.

Purpose

The primary purpose of this procedure is to diagnose infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, a common bacterium responsible for various infections. The goal is to confirm the presence of the bacteria to enable targeted treatment.

Indications

• Symptoms of a bacterial infection such as fever, redness, swelling, and pus formation.
• Patients with suspected skin and soft tissue infections, pneumonia, or bloodstream infections.
• Individuals at high risk of Staphylococcus aureus infections, such as those with weakened immune systems or recent surgeries.

Preparation

• No special preparation such as fasting is generally required.
• Patients may need to provide a sample, such as a swab from the infected area, sputum, or blood.
• Inform the healthcare provider of any current medications or medical conditions.

Procedure Description

1. A sample is collected from the patient, typically a swab from the infected area or bodily fluids.
2. The sample is then processed to extract nucleic acids (DNA or RNA).
3. A technique called amplified probe is used, which involves copying the genetic material of the bacteria multiple times to ensure detection.
4. The presence of Staphylococcus aureus is checked by comparing the amplified genetic material to known sequences.

Tools and equipment involved:

• Swab, test tubes, reagents for nucleic acid extraction.
• Amplified probe detection system (such as PCR machines).

No anesthesia or sedation is required as the procedure is non-invasive.

Duration

The procedure itself takes a few minutes for sample collection. Laboratory analysis can take several hours to a few days, depending on the facility.

Setting

The sample collection can be performed in a doctor's office, outpatient clinic, or hospital. The nucleic acid analysis is conducted in a specialized lab.

Personnel

• Healthcare provider or nurse for sample collection.
• Lab technicians or microbiologists for analysis.

Risks and Complications

• The procedure is generally safe, with minimal risks associated with sample collection.
• Rarely, there may be discomfort or minor bleeding at the sample collection site.

Benefits

• Accurate and fast diagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus infections.
• Enables targeted antibiotic treatment, reducing the risk of complications and promoting quicker recovery.

Recovery

• No specific recovery process is needed following sample collection.
• Follow-up care depends on the treatment prescribed after the test results.

Alternatives

• Traditional culture methods which take longer (several days) for bacterial growth and identification.
• Rapid antigen detection tests, though they may be less specific.

Patient Experience

• Patients might experience slight discomfort during sample collection, akin to a mild pinch or swab.
• Post-procedure, they can continue with their regular activities without any restrictions.

Pain management or comfort measures are typically unnecessary since the procedure is minimally invasive and low-risk.