Name of the Procedure:

Dual-energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), Bone Density Study, 1 or More Sites; Axial Skeleton (e.g., Hips, Pelvis, Spine)

Summary

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is a medical imaging procedure that measures bone mineral density (BMD). It is performed to assess the strength of bones in areas such as the hips, pelvis, and spine.

Purpose

The DXA scan is primarily used to diagnose osteoporosis or assess an individual's risk for developing fractures. The goal is to detect low bone density, determine the extent of bone loss, and aid in the monitoring of treatment efficacy for conditions affecting bone density.

Indications

• Symptoms like frequent bone fractures or a significant loss in height.
• Conditions such as osteoporosis or osteopenia.
• Post-menopausal women and older adults.
• Long-term steroid medication users.
• Individuals with a family history of osteoporosis.

Preparation

• Wear comfortable clothing without metal zippers, buttons, or belts.
• Avoid taking calcium supplements 24 hours before the test.
• Inform the technician if you have recently had a barium exam or contrast material for a CT scan.

Procedure Description

1. You will lie on a table while a scanning device passes over your body.
2. The machine uses two X-ray beams with different energy levels to estimate the bone density of your axial skeleton.
3. The process focuses on sites such as the hips, pelvis, and spine.
4. You must remain very still during the scan for accurate results.

No anesthesia or sedation is required.

Duration

The entire procedure typically takes 10-30 minutes.

Setting

The procedure is usually performed in a hospital radiology department, outpatient clinic, or specialized bone density testing center.

Personnel

• Radiologic technologist: Responsible for operating the DXA scan machine and ensuring patient comfort.
• Radiologist: Interprets the scan results and provides a report to your healthcare provider.

Risks and Complications

• Minimal exposure to a low dose of radiation.
• Rare allergic reactions to contrast materials if other imaging tests are performed concurrently.

Benefits

• Early detection of bone density loss.
• Enables timely intervention and treatment to prevent fractures.
• Non-invasive and painless procedure.

Recovery

• No recovery period required.
• You can resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Follow-up appointments may be necessary based on your healthcare provider's recommendations.

Alternatives

• Quantitative Computed Tomography (QCT): Offers precise data on bone density but involves higher radiation exposure.
• Ultrasound: Non-invasive but less reliable for assessing bone density in the central skeleton.

Patient Experience

• The procedure is painless and non-invasive.
• You might feel pressure to remain still during the scan but can breathe normally.
• Some patients might feel anxious about the minimal radiation exposure, but it is significantly lower than that of other X-ray procedures.