Name of the Procedure:

Screening Mammography, Bilateral (2-View Study of Each Breast), including Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) when Performed (HCPCS: G0202)

Summary

Screening mammography is a diagnostic test that uses low-dose X-rays to create detailed images of both breasts, commonly referred to as a mammogram. This specific procedure includes computer-aided detection (CAD) software that helps radiologists identify potential abnormalities.

Purpose

Screening mammography aims to detect breast cancer in its early stages before symptoms develop. Early detection greatly increases the likelihood of successful treatment.

Indications

• Routine screening for breast cancer in asymptomatic women, typically recommended every 1-2 years for women aged 40 and over.
• Higher-risk individuals, such as those with a family history of breast cancer or genetic predispositions.

Preparation

• No fasting is required.
• Patients should avoid using deodorants, perfumes, or powders on their underarms or breasts on the day of the exam as these can interfere with image quality.
• Wear a two-piece outfit for convenience, as you will need to undress from the waist up.

Procedure Description

1. The patient undresses from the waist up and wears a gown.
2. The technologist positions the patient's breast on a flat surface of the mammography unit.
3. Each breast is compressed between two plates to flatten the tissue and provide clear images, a process which may cause slight discomfort.
4. X-ray images are taken from different angles to capture two views of each breast.
5. Computer-Aided Detection (CAD) software scans the images to highlight areas that may require further evaluation.
6. The technologist reviews the images for clarity before concluding the procedure.

Duration

Approximately 20-30 minutes.

Setting

Outpatient clinic, hospital, or specialized imaging center.

Personnel

• Radiologic Technologist performs the imaging.
• Radiologist reviews and interprets the images.

Risks and Complications

• Low exposure to radiation, though generally considered safe.
• Potential for false positives (indicating a problem when there isn't one) or false negatives (missing an existing issue).
• Mild discomfort or pain from breast compression.

Benefits

• Early detection of breast cancer, leading to better treatment outcomes.
• An invaluable tool for ongoing monitoring and peace of mind.

Recovery

• No significant recovery period.
• Resume normal activities immediately after the procedure.
• Follow-up may be scheduled if further imaging or tests are necessary based on initial results.

Alternatives

• Clinical breast exams (performed by a healthcare provider).
• Breast self-exams (self-conducted).
• Other imaging tests like breast ultrasound or MRI (typically used for further evaluation rather than initial screening).

Patient Experience

• Slight discomfort from breast compression during the procedure.
• Many women find the procedure tolerable, with minimal lasting discomfort.
• Results are typically communicated within a few days, and additional tests may be scheduled if abnormalities are found.