T74.22XD Child sexual abuse, confirmed, subsequent encounter

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- Child Sexual Abuse, Confirmed, Subsequent Encounter

#### Summary
Child sexual abuse refers to any sexual activity with a child where consent is not or cannot be given. When this condition is documented as "confirmed," it indicates that the occurrence of abuse has been verified. This particular ICD code, T74.22XD, is used during subsequent encounters, meaning follow-up or continued care and management after the initial recognition of the abusive incident.

#### Causes
- The primary cause is predatory behavior by adults or older adolescents.
- Abuse can stem from exploitation, manipulation, or coercive actions.

#### Risk Factors
- Risk factors include lack of supervision, domestic violence, substance abuse in the home, and a history of family abuse.

#### Symptoms
- Emotional distress such as anxiety, depression, or excessive fear.
- Physical indicators can be physical trauma or sexually transmitted infections.
- Behavioral changes like withdrawal, aggression, or regression to earlier developmental stages.

#### Diagnosis
- Diagnosis involves a thorough clinical evaluation, including interviews with the child, forensic assessments, and physical examination by professionals trained in child abuse detection.

#### Treatment Options
- Psychological counseling and therapy are primary for mental health and emotional recovery.
- Medical treatment to address any physical injuries or infections.
- Social services intervention to ensure a safe environment for the child.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- With appropriate intervention, many children can recover and lead healthy lives; however, long-term psychological impacts may persist.
- Regular follow-up with mental health services and social support systems is crucial.

#### Complications
- Potential long-term psychological effects include post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, anxiety, and issues with intimate relationships.
- Without proper intervention, there is a heightened risk for future victimization or perpetration of abuse.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Educate children on personal safety and body autonomy.
- Encourage open communication within families to foster trust and ensure children feel safe reporting uncomfortable situations.
  
#### When to Seek Professional Help
- If a child discloses abuse or shows signs of distress or behavioral changes without explanation, seek immediate professional help.

#### Additional Resources
- National Child Abuse Hotline: [Child Welfare Information Gateway](https://www.childwelfare.gov/)
- Rape, Abuse & Incest National Network (RAINN): [RAINN](https://www.rainn.org/)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure documentation explicitly confirms the abuse is verified and the encounter is subsequent.
- Verify precise coding by double-checking the encounter type and the applicable ICD code suffix.

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