#### Name of the Condition
- **Adult sexual abuse, confirmed, initial encounter**
- ICD-10 Code: T74.21XA

#### Summary
Adult sexual abuse refers to any sexual activity forced upon an adult without their consent. This can include physical coercion, psychological manipulation, or exploitation. The code T74.21XA is used for cases where the abuse is confirmed, and it marks the initial encounter in medical settings.

#### Causes
- The causes of adult sexual abuse are rooted in power imbalances, societal norms that perpetuate violence, dysfunctional relationships, and sometimes substance abuse by the perpetrator. It is a criminal act and a violation of human rights.

#### Risk Factors
- Being in a dependent or isolated situation
- History of childhood abuse
- Substance abuse
- Mental health issues
- Being part of a marginalized group

#### Symptoms
- Physical injuries (bruises, lacerations)
- Psychological trauma (anxiety, depression, PTSD)
- Fear of the perpetrator or places associated with the abuse
- Changes in behavior or mood

#### Diagnosis
- Physical examination to document injuries
- Psychological assessment by mental health professionals
- Victim interviews focusing on the patient's safety and consent

#### Treatment Options
- Immediate medical care for physical injuries
- Psychological counseling and trauma-informed therapy
- Legal intervention and support
- Safety planning and support from social services

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Recovery can be complex and prolonged, requiring ongoing mental health support.
- Regular follow-ups are essential to monitor physical and psychological healing and ensure the individual's safety.

#### Complications
- Chronic physical pain or injuries
- Long-term psychological effects, including PTSD and depression
- Increased risk of substance abuse
- Relationship and trust issues

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Promote community awareness and education
- Strong support networks and specialized recovery programs
- Encourage reporting and provide resources for victims

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- If experiencing any form of non-consensual sexual activity
- Displaying severe psychological distress or physical injuries
- In need of immediate safety planning and crisis intervention

#### Additional Resources
- National Sexual Assault Hotline: [800-656-HOPE](https://www.rainn.org/)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Information on sexual violence
- Local support groups and legal aid services

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure all available documentation confirms the abuse case when selecting T74.21XA.
- Differentiate between initial, subsequent, and sequela encounters to avoid coding errors.
- Collaborate with clinical staff for accurate documentation of circumstances and injuries.

This markdown text provides a structured overview of the condition, tailored to both medical professionals and those seeking information on the topic.