T74.21 Adult sexual abuse, confirmed

Name of the Condition

• Adult sexual abuse, confirmed
• ICD-10 Code: T74.21

Summary

Adult sexual abuse refers to non-consensual sexual activity forced upon an adult. This code is used when the abuse is confirmed, regardless of the encounter type. It encompasses acts involving physical coercion, psychological manipulation, or exploitation, and is a violation of human rights.

Causes

The causes of adult sexual abuse stem from the perpetrator's desire to exert power and control through sexual violence. Contributing factors may include societal norms that perpetuate violence, dysfunctional relationships, or substance abuse by the perpetrator.

Risk Factors

• Being in a dependent or isolated situation
• History of childhood abuse
• Substance abuse
• Mental health issues
• Membership in marginalized groups

Symptoms

• Physical injuries (bruises, lacerations)
• Psychological trauma (anxiety, depression, PTSD)
• Fear of the perpetrator or associated places
• Changes in behavior or mood

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves a physical examination to document injuries, psychological assessment by mental health professionals, and victim interviews focusing on safety and consent. Forensic evidence collection may also be necessary.

Treatment Options

• Immediate medical care for physical injuries
• Psychological counseling and trauma-informed therapy
• Legal intervention and support
• Safety planning

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Prognosis varies based on the severity of trauma and access to support. Follow-up care often includes ongoing therapy, monitoring for PTSD or depression, and coordination with social services.

Complications

• Chronic psychological conditions (e.g., PTSD, depression)
• Physical injuries or chronic pain
• Substance abuse
• Social withdrawal or relationship difficulties

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Education on consent and healthy relationships
• Community support networks
• Access to mental health resources
• Awareness of warning signs in relationships

When to Seek Professional Help

Seek help if experiencing symptoms of trauma, physical injuries, or emotional distress. Immediate care is critical for safety and evidence collection.

Tips for Medical Coders

Use T74.21 for confirmed adult sexual abuse. Document the encounter type (initial, subsequent, sequela) separately. Ensure thorough clinical documentation to support the diagnosis and any associated injuries or mental health conditions.