S37.421 Contusion of ovary, unilateral

Name of the Condition

• Contusion of ovary, unilateral

Summary

Contusion of the ovary, unilateral, refers to bruising or minor tissue damage to one ovary resulting from trauma. This condition typically involves localized pain, swelling, or bleeding, with the extent of injury and clinical impact depending on the force of the trauma and whether associated pelvic structures are affected.

Causes

Blunt or penetrating trauma to the abdomen or pelvis, such as from motor vehicle accidents, falls, or direct impact to the lower abdomen. Surgical procedures involving pelvic organs, including gynecologic surgeries, may also cause this injury.

Risk Factors

• Participation in contact sports or activities with a high risk of abdominal or pelvic trauma.
• Pre-existing ovarian conditions, such as cysts or tumors, which may increase vulnerability to injury.
• Advanced age, which may reduce tissue resilience.
• Certain occupations or lifestyles involving physical risk.

Symptoms

• Pelvic or lower abdominal pain, often localized to the affected side.
• Vaginal bleeding or spotting.
• Nausea or vomiting.
• Tenderness or swelling in the pelvic region.
• Signs of shock in severe cases.

Diagnosis

Physical examination to assess tenderness, swelling, or external trauma. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI, to visualize ovarian damage. Laboratory tests to evaluate for internal bleeding or other complications.

Treatment Options

Conservative management with rest, pain relief, and monitoring for worsening symptoms. Severe cases may require surgical intervention to control bleeding or repair damage. Follow-up care to assess ovarian function and recovery.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Most unilateral ovarian contusions resolve with conservative treatment, but recovery depends on the severity of the injury. Follow-up may include imaging or hormonal assessments to ensure no long-term impairment of ovarian function.

Complications

Potential for internal bleeding, infection, or impaired ovarian function. Rarely, severe trauma may lead to ovarian torsion or infertility.

Lifestyle & Prevention

Avoid high-risk activities without proper protection. Use seatbelts and protective gear during sports or physical work. Seek prompt medical care for abdominal trauma to reduce complications.

When to Seek Professional Help

Persistent or worsening pain, heavy vaginal bleeding, signs of shock (e.g., dizziness, rapid heartbeat), or fever. Immediate evaluation is necessary if trauma to the abdomen or pelvis occurs.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the unilateral nature of the contusion and any associated trauma or symptoms. Ensure clinical details support the diagnosis and differentiate from other ovarian injuries. Code S37.421 is specific to unilateral ovarian contusion; verify no additional codes are needed for related conditions.