S37.422S Contusion of ovary, bilateral, sequela

Name of the Condition

• Contusion of ovary, bilateral, sequela

Summary

Contusion of the ovary, bilateral, sequela refers to residual effects or complications following bilateral ovarian contusion. This condition involves persistent or delayed symptoms, structural changes, or functional impairment resulting from prior trauma to both ovaries. The sequelae may include chronic pain, altered ovarian function, or scarring, depending on the initial injury severity and healing process.

Causes

The condition arises as a consequence of prior bilateral ovarian contusion, typically caused by blunt or penetrating trauma to the abdomen or pelvis, such as motor vehicle accidents, falls, or direct impact. Surgical procedures involving pelvic organs may also lead to this injury. The sequela develops as a result of the body’s healing response to the initial trauma.

Risk Factors

• History of significant abdominal or pelvic trauma.
• Pre-existing ovarian conditions (e.g., cysts, tumors) that may have exacerbated initial injury.
• Delayed or inadequate initial treatment of the contusion.
• Advanced age, which may impair tissue repair.

Symptoms

• Chronic pelvic or lower abdominal pain, often bilateral.
• Persistent tenderness or swelling in the pelvic region.
• Possible irregular menstrual cycles or hormonal imbalances.
• Reduced ovarian function or fertility issues in severe cases.
• Scarring or adhesions detected during imaging.

Diagnosis

Clinical evaluation focuses on the history of prior trauma and ongoing symptoms. Imaging studies, such as ultrasound, CT, or MRI, assess residual structural changes or scarring. Laboratory tests may evaluate ovarian function or hormonal levels. A thorough review of prior medical records is essential to confirm the link between the initial injury and current symptoms.

Treatment Options

Management depends on symptom severity and functional impact. Mild cases may involve pain management and monitoring. Severe or persistent symptoms may require hormonal therapy, surgical intervention to address scarring or adhesions, or fertility treatments if ovarian function is compromised. Treatment plans are tailored to the individual’s clinical needs.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

Prognosis varies based on the extent of initial injury and residual damage. Mild sequelae may resolve with conservative management, while severe cases could lead to chronic pain or infertility. Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is recommended to monitor symptoms, assess ovarian function, and adjust treatment as needed.

Complications

• Chronic pelvic pain that persists despite treatment.
• Reduced ovarian reserve or infertility.
• Formation of adhesions or scar tissue affecting pelvic organs.
• Hormonal imbalances leading to menstrual irregularities.
• Increased risk of future ovarian complications.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Avoid activities with a high risk of abdominal or pelvic trauma.
• Use protective gear during contact sports or high-risk occupations.
• Seek prompt medical evaluation after any pelvic injury to minimize long-term effects.
• Maintain regular gynecologic check-ups to monitor ovarian health.

When to Seek Professional Help

Consult a healthcare provider if you experience persistent pelvic pain, irregular bleeding, or signs of hormonal imbalance following a prior injury. Seek immediate care for severe symptoms, such as sudden pain, fever, or signs of internal bleeding.

Tips for Medical Coders

Document the history of bilateral ovarian contusion and the timeline of sequela development. Ensure clinical notes specify the residual effects (e.g., chronic pain, scarring) and their impact on function. Code S37.422S is used for bilateral ovarian contusion sequelae; verify that the diagnosis aligns with the sequela criteria and that prior trauma is clearly documented.