Name of the Condition

• Radiculopathy, Cervical Region
• Also known as cervical radiculopathy or pinched nerve in the neck.

Summary

Cervical radiculopathy is a condition resulting from a compressed nerve in the neck that leads to pain and neurological symptoms radiating into the shoulder, arm, or hand. It commonly affects individuals and can significantly impact daily activities.

Causes

• Herniated disc in the cervical spine
• Degenerative changes due to aging (cervical spondylosis)
• Injury or trauma to the neck
• In rare cases, tumors or infections

Risk Factors

• Aging and natural wear and tear of the spine
• Occupations or activities involving repetitive neck movements
• Previous neck injuries
• Genetic predisposition to spine problems

Symptoms

• Pain radiating from the neck to the shoulders, arms, or hands
• Numbness or tingling sensations in the affected area
• Muscle weakness in the arms or hands
• Decreased reflexes in the arm

Diagnosis

• Physical examination to assess reflexes, muscle strength, and range of motion
• Imaging tests such as X-rays, MRI, or CT scans
• Electromyography (EMG) to evaluate nerve function

Treatment Options

• Conservative treatments, including rest, physical therapy, and medications like NSAIDs or corticosteroids, for pain management
• Epidural steroid injections to reduce inflammation
• Surgical options, such as discectomy or cervical fusion, if symptoms do not improve with conservative measures

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Most patients can expect significant improvement with proper treatment over time.
• Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is crucial to monitor progress and adjust treatments as needed.

Complications

• Chronic pain or disability if the condition is not treated appropriately
• Potential for permanent nerve damage if left untreated

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Maintain good posture and ergonomic settings, especially during prolonged activities.
• Engage in strengthening exercises for the neck and shoulder muscles.
• Avoid activities that strain the neck excessively.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Persistent or worsening pain in the neck, shoulders, or arms
• Muscle weakness or loss of coordination in the hands
• Any signs of bladder or bowel dysfunction

Additional Resources

• American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS)
• National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the specificity of the diagnosis to the cervical region (M54.12).
• Be cautious of coding errors related to non-specific back pain when radiculopathy is specifically mentioned.
• Verify that documentation supports the diagnosis of radiculopathy through symptom description and diagnostic results.