M21.611 Bunion of right foot

ICD10CM code

#### Name of the Condition
- **Bunion of right foot**
- Also known as hallux valgus.

#### Summary
A bunion of the right foot is a deformity characterized by a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of the big toe. This condition can cause the toe to deviate toward the other toes, leading to discomfort and pain.

#### Causes
- Wearing tight, narrow shoes.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Foot stress or injuries.
- Arthritis affecting the foot.

#### Risk Factors
- Family history of bunions.
- Poorly fitting footwear, especially high heels.
- Flat feet, low arches, or abnormal foot mechanics.
- Age and gender, with older adults and women being more susceptible.

#### Symptoms
- Visible bump on the side of the big toe.
- Pain and tenderness around the joint.
- Swelling and redness at the joint.
- Restricted toe movement.

#### Diagnosis
- Clinical examination of the foot.
- X-rays to assess the degree of deformity.

#### Treatment Options
- **Conservative:**
  - Wearing wider, comfortable shoes to reduce pressure.
  - Orthotic devices to correct foot mechanics.
  - Ice packs for pain relief.
  - Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for pain management.

- **Surgical:**
  - Several surgical procedures can be performed, such as bunionectomy, to realign the toe.

#### Prognosis and Follow-Up
- Conservative treatment may manage symptoms effectively but not correct deformity.
- Surgery typically has a good outcome, with reduced pain and improved foot function.
- Regular follow-up to monitor foot condition and prevent recurrence.

#### Complications
- Persistent or worsening pain.
- Impaired foot function or mobility.
- Development of arthritis in the affected joint.

#### Lifestyle & Prevention
- Choosing properly fitting, supportive shoes.
- Avoiding high heels and pointed-toe footwear.
- Performing foot exercises to maintain flexibility and strength.

#### When to Seek Professional Help
- Persistent pain or swelling around the joint.
- Difficulty finding shoes that fit due to the bunion.
- Noticeable change in foot shape or walking discomfort.

#### Additional Resources
- American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Society: [aofas.org](https://www.aofas.org/)
- Arthritis Foundation: [arthritis.org](https://www.arthritis.org/)

#### Tips for Medical Coders
- Ensure accurate documentation of laterality (right foot) when coding.
- Verify clinical notes to ensure M21.611 accurately represents the patient's condition.
- Be cautious with similar codes, such as those for the left foot or unspecified site.

Medical Policies and Guidelines for Bunion of right foot

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