Name of the Condition

• Peripheral pterygium, stationary, bilateral

Summary

• Peripheral pterygium is an eye condition characterized by the growth of a benign fibrovascular tissue on the conjunctiva, extending onto the cornea. When labeled as stationary and bilateral, it indicates that this growth is stable and occurs in both eyes.

Causes

• The primary cause of peripheral pterygium is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light. Environmental factors such as wind, dust, and dry conditions can also contribute to its development.

Risk Factors

• Extended UV exposure, living in sunny or windy climates, and outdoor activities without eye protection are significant risk factors. Older age and male gender may also increase susceptibility.

Symptoms

• Symptoms often include redness, irritation, a gritty sensation in the eyes, and potentially blurred vision if the pterygium encroaches onto the central cornea.

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on a slit-lamp examination by an eye care professional. Detailed assessment may include documenting the size and progression of the pterygium.

Treatment Options

• Treatment includes lubrication with artificial tears to relieve irritation. In more severe cases, corticosteroid eye drops may be used to reduce inflammation. Surgical removal may be considered if vision is significantly affected or the condition is cosmetically concerning.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• The prognosis for stationary pterygium is generally good, as it does not typically progress rapidly. Regular eye examinations are recommended to monitor any changes.

Complications

• If left untreated, a pterygium can cause astigmatism and chronic irritation. Rarely, it can obscure vision by growing over the pupil.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Protective eyewear such as sunglasses with UV protection can help prevent the condition. Avoidance of dry and dusty environments and the use of lubricating eye drops can also be beneficial.

When to Seek Professional Help

• Immediate medical attention is advisable if there is a rapid increase in size, significant interference with vision, or severe eye pain.

Additional Resources

• American Academy of Ophthalmology: www.aao.org
• National Eye Institute: www.nei.nih.gov

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure the bilateral nature of the condition is coded correctly.
• Be mindful of distinguishing between stationary and progressive variants, as these may have different implications for management and coding accuracy.