Malignant melanoma of skin of breast
ICD10CM code
Name of the Condition
- Malignant melanoma of skin of breast
- Commonly referred to simply as "melanoma of the breast skin."
Summary
Malignant melanoma of the skin of the breast is a type of skin cancer that originates in the melanocytes, the pigment-producing cells, in the skin of the breast. It's a less common area for melanoma compared to other parts of the body, but it requires prompt attention and treatment due to its potential to spread.
Causes
The exact cause of melanoma is not entirely understood, but it's generally believed to result from a combination of genetic factors and environmental exposure, particularly to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or tanning beds.
Risk Factors
- Fair skin, light hair, and light eyes.
- A history of sunburns or excessive UV exposure.
- Family history of melanoma or other skin cancers.
- Presence of many moles or atypical nevi.
- Weakened immune system.
Symptoms
- A new mole or an existing mole that changes in size, shape, or color.
- A lesion on the breast that itches, bleeds, or does not heal.
- Asymmetry, irregular borders, multiple colors, or a large diameter in a mole.
Diagnosis
- Dermatoscopy: A close examination of the skin using a special instrument.
- Biopsy: Removal and microscopic examination of tissue from a suspicious lesion.
- Imaging tests: Such as MRI or CT scans, to check if the cancer has spread.
Treatment Options
- Surgical removal: The primary treatment is usually the surgical excision of the melanoma and a margin of normal tissue around it.
- Immunotherapy: Helps boost the body’s immune response to fight the melanoma.
- Targeted therapy: Uses drugs to target specific genetic mutations in the melanoma cells.
- Radiation therapy: May be used to treat or prevent spread, particularly after surgery.
Prognosis and Follow-Up
The prognosis depends on the stage at diagnosis. Early-stage melanomas have an excellent prognosis, while later stages have a less favorable outcome. Regular follow-up is crucial for monitoring recurrence or new cancers.
Complications
- Metastasis to other organs, such as lymph nodes or lungs.
- Recurrence of melanoma.
- Complications from treatment, including skin changes and immune response issues.
Lifestyle & Prevention
- Regular skin checks by a dermatologist.
- Protective clothing and sunscreen to minimize UV exposure.
- Avoiding tanning beds.
When to Seek Professional Help
Seek prompt medical attention if you notice changes in a mole or a new skin lesion on the breast, particularly if it has asymmetry, irregular borders, varied colors, or changes in size.
Additional Resources
Tips for Medical Coders
- Carefully verify the site and behavior of the melanoma to ensure accurate coding.
- Ensure details about the lesion, such as laterality and specific location, are documented.
- Avoid coding errors by distinguishing between benign neoplasms and malignant melanomas accurately.