Name of the Condition

• Calicivirus enteritis
• Also known as Viral Gastroenteritis caused by Calicivirus

Summary

Calicivirus enteritis is an infectious condition characterized by inflammation of the intestines caused by caliciviruses. These viruses are known for causing stomach flu symptoms and are a common source of outbreaks in community settings.

Causes

• Calicivirus enteritis is primarily caused by infection with caliciviruses, which are easily spread from person-to-person through contaminated food or water and contact with infected surfaces.

Risk Factors

• Close contact with an infected person.
• Consuming contaminated water or food.
• Visiting or residing in crowded places, such as cruise ships, nursing homes, or schools.

Symptoms

• Diarrhea
• Nausea and vomiting
• Stomach cramps
• Fever
• Headaches and muscle aches

Diagnosis

• Diagnosis is primarily clinical, based on observed symptoms.
• Stool tests may be conducted to identify the presence of calicivirus.

Treatment Options

• There is no specific antiviral treatment for calicivirus enteritis. Treatment focuses on symptom relief and involves:
  • Adequate hydration to prevent dehydration.
  • Over-the-counter medications to alleviate symptoms such as diarrhea and nausea.

Prognosis and Follow-Up

• Most patients recover fully within a few days to a week.
• Follow-up is generally not required unless complications arise.

Complications

• Dehydration, especially in young children and older adults, may occur if the condition progresses without proper fluid intake.

Lifestyle & Prevention

• Regularly wash hands with soap and water.
• Properly cook foods and ensure safe drinking water.
• Avoid close contact with infected individuals.

When to Seek Professional Help

• If symptoms of dehydration appear, such as dry mouth, decreased urination, or dizziness.
• If symptoms are severe or persist beyond a few days.

Additional Resources

• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Gastroenteritis (Stomach Flu)
• World Health Organization (WHO): Viral Gastroenteritis

Tips for Medical Coders

• Ensure accurate identification of the cause when coding, specifically noting that caliciviruses cause the condition.
• Double-check patient files for distinctive symptoms and tests confirming the presence of calicivirus to avoid errors.