High Osmolar Contrast Material, 400 or Greater mg/ml Iodine Concentration, per ml (Q9964)

Name of the Procedure:

• Common Name: High Osmolar Contrast Material Injection
• Technical/Medical Terms: Osmolar Contrast Media Administration, Iodine-Based Contrast Agent Injection

Summary

This procedure involves injecting a high concentration of iodine-based contrast material into the body. This material is used to enhance the visibility of internal structures on imaging studies like CT scans and X-rays.

Purpose

• Conditions Addressed: Helps in the diagnosis of various conditions such as vascular diseases, tumors, and areas of inflammation.
• Goals/Outcomes: The goal is to improve the accuracy and detail of imaging studies, aiding in precise diagnosis and treatment planning.

Indications

• Symptoms/Conditions: Persistent pain, suspected vascular anomalies, unexplained masses or tumors, pre-surgical planning.
• Patient Criteria: Typically indicated for patients undergoing detailed imaging studies where enhanced visualization is required.

Preparation

• Pre-Procedure Instructions: Patients may need to fast for a few hours before the procedure. Adjustments in current medications might be necessary.
• Diagnostic Tests: Blood tests to check kidney function (Creatinine levels) and possible allergy assessments for iodine sensitivity.

Procedure Description

1. Preparation: The patient lies on the imaging table. An intravenous (IV) line is inserted.
2. Contrast Injection: The high osmolar contrast material (400 mg/ml iodine concentration) is injected through the IV line.
3. Imaging: The imaging study (CT scan, X-ray) is conducted while the contrast material circulates in the bloodstream.
4. Monitoring: Healthcare personnel monitor the patient for any immediate reactions.

• Tools/Equipment: IV line, contrast material, imaging equipment (CT scanner, X-ray machine).
• Anesthesia/Sedation: Generally, no anesthesia is required, but some patients may receive mild sedation if they experience anxiety.

Duration

The injection itself takes a few minutes. The entire imaging study can take between 15-60 minutes.

Setting

Performed in a hospital radiology department, outpatient imaging center, or a specialized surgical center.

Personnel

Radiologists, radiologic technologists, and nurses typically perform and assist in the procedure.

Risks and Complications

• Common Risks: Mild allergic reactions (rash, itching), feeling of warmth or flushing.
• Rare Risks: Severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), kidney function impairment in patients with pre-existing conditions.
• Complication Management: Immediate availability of emergency medications and equipment to treat severe reactions.

Benefits

• Expected Benefits: Enhanced imaging clarity, leading to better diagnosis and treatment.
• Realization Time: Benefits are immediate as they are observed in the enhanced imaging results.

Recovery

• Post-Procedure Care: Hydration is often recommended to help flush the contrast material from the body.
• Recovery Time: Typically, there is no recovery time required, and patients can resume normal activities shortly after.
• Follow-up: Depending on the findings, follow-up appointments may be scheduled.

Alternatives

• Other Options: Non-contrast imaging studies, MRI (if iodine allergy is present), ultrasound.
• Pros and Cons: Non-contrast studies might be less informative; MRI avoids iodine but may not be suitable for all patients (e.g., those with metal implants).

Patient Experience

• During Procedure: Patients might feel a warm sensation, a metallic taste, or mild discomfort during the injection.
• After Procedure: Generally, minimal discomfort; some patients might experience mild side effects. Pain management is not usually necessary, but comfort measures are taken if required.

This guide helps patients understand the purpose, process, and expectations associated with the use of high osmolar contrast material in medical imaging procedures.