#### Name of the Procedure:
**Common Name:** High Osmolar Contrast Material Injection  
**Medical Term:** High Osmolar Contrast Media Administration (HOCM)

#### Summary
Administering high osmolar contrast material (HOCM) involves injecting iodine-rich contrast agents into the body to enhance imaging results, making it easier for healthcare providers to diagnose medical conditions accurately.

#### Purpose
The primary purpose is to improve the visibility of certain structures within the body during imaging tests like X-rays, CT scans, or fluoroscopic procedures. It helps in identifying issues such as blockages, tumors, and vascular abnormalities.

#### Indications
- Suspected vascular diseases (e.g., blockages, aneurysms)
- Suspicion of tumors or abnormal growths
- Investigating unexplained symptoms like pain or swelling
- Pre-surgical planning and assessment

#### Preparation
- Fasting for a few hours prior to the procedure
- Hydration with clear fluids
- Informing the healthcare provider about any allergies, especially to iodine or contrast materials
- Pre-procedure blood tests to check kidney function
- Possibly discontinuing certain medications temporarily

#### Procedure Description
1. The patient is positioned under the imaging device.
2. An intravenous (IV) line is inserted, usually in the arm.
3. The HOCM is injected through the IV line.
4. The patient may experience a warm sensation or a metallic taste.
5. Imaging is performed as the contrast material circulates through the body.
6. The IV line is removed once imaging is complete.

**Tools Used:**
- High osmolar contrast media
- IV catheter
- Imaging equipment (e.g., CT scanner, X-ray machine)

**Anesthesia/Sedation:** Usually not required; local anesthesia may be used for IV insertion discomfort.

#### Duration
The entire process typically takes about 30-60 minutes, including preparation and the actual injection.

#### Setting
The procedure is performed in a hospital radiology department or an outpatient imaging clinic.

#### Personnel
- Radiologist or imaging technician
- Nurse or medical assistant for IV insertion
- Radiologic technologist to operate imaging equipment

#### Risks and Complications
- Common: Mild allergic reactions, nausea, warmth sensation
- Rare: Severe allergic reactions, kidney impairment, injection site inflammation

#### Benefits
- Enhanced accuracy in diagnosing medical conditions
- Clearer images help in better treatment planning
- Quick and minimally invasive

#### Recovery
- Brief observation period to monitor for immediate reactions
- Normal activities can usually be resumed shortly after
- Follow-up with the healthcare provider for results and further actions

#### Alternatives
- Low osmolar contrast media (LOCM)
- Non-contrast imaging studies (less detailed)
- Other diagnostic tests like ultrasound or MRI

**Pros and Cons:**  
- LOCM: Fewer reactions, more expensive.
- Non-contrast imaging: Safer for those with iodine allergies, less detailed.
- Ultrasound/MRI: No radiation, might not be as specific depending on the condition.

#### Patient Experience
- During: May feel warmth, metallic taste, brief discomfort at IV site
- After: Possible mild side effects like nausea or headache
- Pain Management: Usually not required; over-the-counter pain relief for minor discomfort if necessary

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