Name of the Procedure:

Injection of Zidovudine, 10 mg (HCPCS Code: J3485)

Summary

The injection of zidovudine is a medical procedure where a healthcare professional administers an antiviral drug, zidovudine, in a 10 mg dosage via injection. Zidovudine, also known by its brand name Retrovir, is used to manage Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection.

Purpose

Medical Conditions:

• HIV/AIDS management ##### Goals:
• Reducing the amount of HIV in the body
• Preventing the virus from multiplying
• Enhancing the patient's immune function

Indications

• Confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection
• Part of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen
• Symptoms such as recurrent infections, persistent fever, or weight loss
• CD4 count falling below a critical level as advised by a healthcare provider

Preparation

• No specific fasting required
• Continue regular medications unless directed otherwise
• Blood tests including liver function and complete blood count (CBC)
• Discuss any allergies or prior adverse reactions to medications with the healthcare provider

Procedure Description

1. The patient visits a healthcare facility.
2. The healthcare provider prepares the necessary 10 mg zidovudine dosage.
3. The injection site (e.g., upper arm, thigh) is sterilized.
4. Zidovudine is administered via intramuscular (IM) or intravenous (IV) injection.
5. The injection site is monitored for any immediate reactions.
6. Post-injection, the site is cleaned and bandaged if necessary.

Tools and Equipment:

• Syringe and needle
• Antiseptic wipes
• Zidovudine solution (10 mg)
• Bandages

Anesthesia/Sedation:

• Generally not required, but local anesthesia may be used for patient comfort

Duration

• The injection process typically takes around 10-15 minutes.

Setting

• Hospital
• Outpatient clinic
• Specialized HIV treatment centers

Personnel

• Nurse
• Physician
• Pharmacist (for medication preparation)
• Medical assistant

Risks and Complications

Common Risks:

• Site reactions (redness, swelling, pain)
• Fatigue ##### Rare Complications:
• Allergic reactions (rash, itching, swelling)
• Bone marrow suppression
• Liver toxicity

Benefits

• Reduction in HIV viral load
• Improved immune system function
• Decreased risk of HIV-related complications

Recovery

• Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately
• Monitor injection site for signs of infection or adverse reactions
• Follow-up appointments as advised for ongoing monitoring of HIV treatment

Alternatives

• Other antiretroviral medications with different administration routes (e.g., oral tablets)
• Combination antiretroviral therapies tailored to the patient's HIV strain and health status
  • Pros: Can sometimes be more convenient, fewer injections
  • Cons: May have different side effect profiles or require strict adherence to dosing schedules

Patient Experience

• Patients might feel mild discomfort or a stinging sensation at the injection site.
• Minimal to no systemic side effects immediately following the injection.
• Pain management can include over-the-counter pain relievers if advised by a healthcare provider.
• Communication with healthcare professionals to address any concerns or manage side effects.