Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Mycoplasma pneumoniae, amplified probe technique
CPT4 code
Name of the Procedure:
Infectious Agent Detection by Nucleic Acid (DNA or RNA); Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Amplified Probe Technique
Summary
This procedure is a laboratory test that detects the genetic material (DNA or RNA) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a bacterium responsible for respiratory infections, using an amplified probe technique. It helps diagnose infections by identifying the presence of Mycoplasma pneumoniae in a patient's sample.
Purpose
This test is primarily used to diagnose pulmonary infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. The goal is to confirm the presence of the bacterium quickly and accurately so that appropriate treatment can be initiated.
Indications
The procedure is indicated for patients presenting with symptoms of respiratory infection, such as persistent cough, fever, sore throat, or fatigue. It is particularly useful in patients where atypical pneumonia is suspected.
Preparation
There are generally no special preparations required for this test. However, patients may be asked to provide a sputum sample, throat swab, or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. It's important to inform the healthcare provider of any ongoing medications as some might interfere with the test results.
Procedure Description
- Sample Collection: A relevant sample is collected depending on the type of infection suspected (e.g., throat swab, sputum, etc.).
- Sample Preparation: The sample is processed in a laboratory to extract nucleic acids (DNA or RNA).
- Amplification: Using an amplified probe technique (such as Polymerase Chain Reaction - PCR), the genetic material of Mycoplasma pneumoniae is amplified to detectable levels.
- Detection: Specialized probes that bind to Mycoplasma pneumoniae DNA or RNA are used to confirm the presence of the bacterium.
The technology used includes PCR machines and specific genetic probes designed to bind to Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
Duration
The test generally takes a few hours to a day for results to be available, depending on the lab's efficiency and workload.
Setting
This procedure is performed in a specialized medical laboratory.
Personnel
The test is conducted by trained laboratory technicians and may be overseen by a clinical microbiologist.
Risks and Complications
The risks associated with the procedure are minimal. The potential complications are generally related to sample collection, such as discomfort or minor bleeding from a throat swab.
Benefits
The primary benefit is the accurate and rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection, which allows for timely and appropriate treatment.
Recovery
There is no recovery process required as this is a non-invasive diagnostic test. Patients can resume their normal activities immediately after sample collection.
Alternatives
Other diagnostic methods include serological tests (to detect antibodies) and culture methods. However, these alternatives may take longer to produce results or be less specific than nucleic acid amplification techniques.
Patient Experience
During sample collection, patients may experience minor discomfort, especially if a throat swab is taken. After the sample is collected, there is no pain or discomfort associated with the laboratory testing process itself.