87582 Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Mycoplasma pneumoniae, quantification

Name of the Procedure:

Infectious agent detection by nucleic acid (DNA or RNA); Mycoplasma pneumoniae, quantification

Summary

This procedure is a test that uses advanced molecular techniques to detect and measure the amount of Mycoplasma pneumoniae, a type of bacteria that causes respiratory infections, using the genetic material (DNA or RNA) from the pathogen.

Purpose

This test is used to diagnose infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae. It helps in determining the presence and quantification of the bacteria, aiding in the appropriate management and treatment of respiratory conditions.

Indications

• Persistent cough
• Fever and respiratory distress
• Symptoms of pneumonia not responsive to standard treatment
• Suspected or confirmed outbreak of Mycoplasma pneumoniae within a community or healthcare setting
• Severe respiratory infections where a specific microbial cause is needed

Preparation

• No special preparation is usually required.
• Patients might need to avoid certain medications before the test; instructions will be provided by healthcare providers.
• In some cases, a sample such as a throat swab or sputum may need to be collected.

Procedure Description

• A sample is collected from the patient, typically using a throat swab, nasal swab, or sputum sample.
• The sample is then processed in a laboratory where nucleic acid amplification techniques, such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction), are used to detect and quantify the DNA or RNA of Mycoplasma pneumoniae.
• No anesthesia or sedation is required.

Duration

• Sample collection: Typically less than 5 minutes.
• Laboratory processing and results: Usually takes several hours to a few days, depending on the lab.

Setting

• Sample collection can be performed in a healthcare provider’s office, clinic, or hospital.
• The actual nucleic acid testing is conducted in a specialized laboratory.

Personnel

• Sample collection is usually performed by a nurse, lab technician, or healthcare provider.
• The laboratory work is carried out by trained laboratory technicians or molecular biologists.

Risks and Complications

• Mild discomfort or gagging during sample collection.
• Rare risk of minor bleeding or infection at the site of sample collection.

Benefits

• Accurate and rapid diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
• Helps in guiding appropriate antibiotic therapy.
• Can prevent unnecessary use of antibiotics for non-bacterial infections.

Recovery

• There is no recovery time needed for the sample collection itself.
• Follow-up may be based on laboratory results to discuss treatment options.

Alternatives

• Other diagnostic tests for pneumonia (e.g., chest X-ray, culture tests, blood tests).
• Each alternative has varying times for results and levels of sensitivity.

Patient Experience

• During the sample collection, patients might experience mild discomfort or a gagging sensation.
• The procedure is generally quick and well-tolerated.
• Pain management is usually not necessary, as the procedure is minimally invasive.