Name of the Procedure:

Human Epididymis Protein 4 (HE4) Test

Summary

The HE4 test is a blood test used primarily to measure the levels of human epididymis protein 4. It's commonly utilized in the diagnosis and management of certain types of cancer, notably ovarian cancer. The test helps in early detection, monitoring treatment effectiveness, and checking for recurrence.

Purpose

The HE4 test is used to:

• Diagnose ovarian cancer.
• Monitor the effectiveness of treatment for ovarian cancer.
• Detect the recurrence of ovarian cancer after treatment.

Indications

• Women with symptoms suggestive of ovarian cancer (e.g., pelvic pain, bloating, urinary symptoms).
• Patients with a known diagnosis of ovarian cancer undergoing treatment.
• Individuals who have completed treatment for ovarian cancer and require monitoring for recurrence.

Preparation

• No fasting required.
• Inform your healthcare provider of any medications you are taking.
• No specific diagnostic tests are required beforehand, though it might be part of a broader diagnostic panel.

Procedure Description

1. A healthcare professional will draw a blood sample from a vein, typically in the arm.
2. The blood sample is sent to a laboratory where the level of HE4 is measured using immunoassay techniques.
3. No anesthesia or sedation is required for this procedure.

Duration

The blood draw itself takes only a few minutes. Results are typically available within a few days, depending on the laboratory.

Setting

• The procedure is performed in a hospital, outpatient clinic, or diagnostic laboratory.

Personnel

• A phlebotomist or nurse will perform the blood draw.
• The laboratory staff will analyze the blood sample.

Risks and Complications

• Minor risks include bruising or infection at the site of blood draw.
• Rarely, patients may feel lightheaded or faint.

Benefits

• Early detection and diagnosis of ovarian cancer.
• Monitoring treatment effectiveness.
• Early detection of cancer recurrence.
• Results generally available within days.

Recovery

• No specific recovery time needed.
• Patients can typically resume normal activities immediately after the blood draw.
• Follow-up appointments may be required to discuss results with your healthcare provider.

Alternatives

• CA-125 Test: Another blood test used in ovarian cancer detection and management.
• Imaging Studies: Such as ultrasound, CT, or MRI for more comprehensive evaluation.
• Each alternative has its own benefits and limitations. The CA-125 test may be less specific, and imaging studies can be more invasive and costly.

Patient Experience

• The patient may feel a brief sting or pinch during the blood draw.
• Any discomfort is usually minimal and short-lived.
• Patients should inform the healthcare provider if they experience excessive pain or prolonged complications post-procedure.